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Maternity > Preterm Birth and Labor > Flashcards

Preterm Birth and Labor Flashcards

1
Q

What is Preterm Labor

A

Any TRUE labor that is 20-37weeks gestation

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2
Q

what is true labor

A
  • cervical changes

* uterine contractions

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3
Q

Preterm infant (time in weeks)

A

anyone born before 37 weeks

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4
Q

Low Birth Weight Infant

A

2500 grams

5.5 lbs

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5
Q

extremely low borth weight infant

A

less than 1000 grams, 1kg, 2.2 lbs

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6
Q

risk factors of premature birth/labor (3)

A
  • demographic
  • biophysical
  • behavioral- psychosocial
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7
Q

How would you educate a pregnant mother to avoid premature birth/labor?

A

maintain proper nutrition

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8
Q

Biochemical Markers of Preterm Birth and Labor (2)

A

Fetal Fibronectin; Salivary Estriol

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9
Q

What is Fetal Fibronectin

A

glycoprotein found in the plasma, 24-34 weeks timeframe, produced in cervical canal; tested during vaginal exams

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10
Q

Salivary Estriol

A

Estrogen secreted by the placenta

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11
Q

Diagnosis of PreTerm Labor (3)

A
  • Gestational Age (20-37 weeks)
  • Onset of contractions
  • cervical changes (effacement, dilation)
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12
Q

Criteria for treatment of preteram labor

A

dilation 2-4 cm
effacement of 80%+
informed consent

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13
Q

Danger of Tocolytic Drugs

A

caution when pt is put on IV lfuids; strict I/O. should be between 1500-2400 mL/24hrs

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14
Q

Beta Adrenergic Agents

A

relaxes smooth muscles, stops uterine activity
side effects: ^^ HR

Ex. Brethine, Yutopar

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15
Q

Magnesium Sulfate

A

BLACK BOX WANING
give with a bronchodilator
stops seizure from occurring

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16
Q

Corticosteroids (given for what)

A

stimulate fetal lung maturation

promotes the release of surfactant

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17
Q

Corticosteroids (when not recommended)

A
  • cord prolapse
  • chorioamnionitis
  • placental abruption
18
Q

Corticosteroids Nursing Considerations

A
  • check blood glucose levels

* assess for cushing syndrome

19
Q

Antibiotics for Maternal Infections

A

Ampicillin. If allergic, give Vancomycin

20
Q

Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)

A

leakage of amniotic fluid for at least 1 hr before labor

21
Q

how can you tell the differnce between amniotic fluid and regular vaginal discharges?

A

amniotic fluid has a “fern” shape when observed under microscope

22
Q

PROM

A

Premature Rupture of Membranes

Happens before 37 weeks

23
Q

What do you assess for in PROM

A

prolapse of cord

24
Q

Home Nursing Care of Pregnant Mother

A
  • maintain BP
  • do not insert anything in vagina
  • monitor kick counts
  • no tub baths
25
Q

Delivery of Preterm Infant/ Maternal Complications

A
  • C Section highly recommended

* Mother at risk for Post Partum Hemorrhage

26
Q

Characteristics of Preterm Infant (physical appearance)

A
  • eyelids fused shut
  • ears coiled
  • smooth male scrotum
  • very prominant labia and clitoris
27
Q

Ballard Gestational Scale

A

Using neuromuscular and physical assessments, determine the overall condition of the newborn

28
Q

Hyaline Membrane Disease (H.M.D)

A

immature lungs and lack of surfactant

respiratory distress for first 24hrs of life

29
Q

Signs and Symptoms of HMD

A
  • cyanosis
  • tachypnea
  • grunting
30
Q

NewBorn Respiratory Assessment

A

brady: less than 30 breaths/min
* tachy: more than 60/min
* nasal flaring
* labored breathing

31
Q

HMD Management

A

suction
O2 therapy
surfactant
maintain pt airway

32
Q

ECMO

A

machine that takes over the lungs to function instead of them

33
Q

ECMO considerations

A

it is hard on the body, wean off ASAP

34
Q

Complications of Oxygen Therapy

A

Broncho Pulmonary Dysplasia

Hard to wean off of it after pt gets used to it

35
Q

Retinopathy of Prematurity

A

eyes injury that may result in blindness; diagnosed only by eye exam

36
Q

Retinopathy Treatment

A

vitamin E
surgery
wean off of oxygen

37
Q

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

A

injury to the intestinal mucosa from hypoxia
s&s: blood stool, no feedings
tx: surgery, antibiotics

38
Q

Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH)

A

bleeding in ventricles of the brain

39
Q

IVH care

A

assess for seizures

measure head circumference every 12 hrs

40
Q

Nursing care of preterm infant

A

skin to skin, kangaroo care, warming bed, warm hands

41
Q

Nutrition for preterm infant

A

glucose: 45
assess swallow reflexes
burp often

42
Q

Gavage feeding

A

basically NG tube for feeding the infant

Maternity (11 decks)

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