Fetal Assessment Flashcards
normal BPM of a fetus
110-160 BPM
Kick Count
10 kicks in 2 hrs
18-25 weeks gestation
Fundus Height Math
Weeks +/-2= size
ex. 26 weeks, +/-2= 24,28cm
Leopolds Maneuvers
manual movement of fetus, assess ballotment.
location of the head
Electronic Fetal Monitoring
External: placed on fundus for contraction monitoring
Internal: placed inside, more accurate
External Fetal Monitor
monitor fundus, plus Dopler Ultrasound
Internal Fetal Monitor
placed inside after rupture of membranes and dilation of the cervix
electrode is placed on presenting part of fetus
Fetal HR Patterns
tachycardia: 160+
bradycardia: 110-
Causes of Tachycardia
- maternal or fetal infection
- amnionitis
- maternal hyperthyroidism
Causes of Bradycardia
- Viral infection
- Maternal Hypoglycemia
- Hypothermia
Fetal HR Accelerations
an abrupt increase in Fetal HR
happens with contractions= HR ^^
None Critical Accelerations
- Fetal movement
- vaginal exams
- reactions to sounds
- fundal pressure
Fetal HR Decelerations
decrease in HR of fetus
Happens from lack of oxygen, umbilical cord compression
Prolonged: EMERGENCY
Causes of Early Decelerations
*head compression from contractions, exams, and fundal pressure
Causes of Late Decelerations
Maternal Supin Hypotension (crushing of the aorta)
Nursing Interventions for Late Decels
change position of mother, roll to left side
stop pitocin if being given
give 8-10L/min of O2
prep for delivery if not fixed
Prolonged Decels Define
Anything that is lasting more than 2 min but less than 10 min.. fetal HR is +/-15 of baseline
Conditions you MUST report
- non-reassuring patterns
- sever variable decels
- late decels
- severe bradycardia
- fetal dysrhythmias
Emergency Measures Inteventions for Late Decels
MAXIMIZE O2 FOR THE FETUS
reposition the mother to her side
give 8-10L/min via face mask
give fluids
Biophysical Profle Management
Aim for a score of 10
Amniocentesis
NOT FIRST CHOICE OPTION
used in early pregnancy for chromosomal testing
used in 3rd trimester to check for lung development
Surfactant
produced by fetal lungs
needed to prevent collapse of alveoli
Surfactant (made of what)
Lecithin and Sphingomyelin
Treatment for lack of surfactant
Corticosteroids:
Dexamethasone/ betamethasone
