Accidents/ Injuries/ Poisonings Flashcards
PA Car Seat Laws
under age 2: rear-facing car seat
under age 4: forward facing car seat
1 cause of burns and bathtub injuries
water is too hot
Bath Tub Safety
water heater temp max: 120F
water temp bath max: 104F
Turn on hot water LAST and off FIRST
Concussion Definition
a direct blow to the head, face, neck that is transmitted to the head
Concussion Initial Assessment
ABC’s
brief LOC
symptoms may be absent for first few hours
**athletes may not report concussion to not risk losing playing time
Concussion S & S
headache nausea repeated vomit noise sensitivity difficulty to concentrate emotional instability answers slowly
Concussion Prevention
proper education of athletes and coaches
academic accommodations for students
Second Impact Syndrome
rare. but happens if second concussion occurs before first injury to the head heals
Tanner Staging
drives the size of the babe
baby: stage 1
adult: stage 5
Care of an Injrury
Rest
Ice
Compress
Elevate
Fractures: Closed vs. Open
Closed: non piercing (given a cast)
Open: compound fracture (surgery)
Epiphyseal Plate
bone growth occurs here
weakest part of the bone
complications arise from poor blood flow to the area
Acetaminophen Poisoning
150mg/kg.
there are 4 stages of toxicity
CAUSES LIVER FAILURE
Acetaminophen Antidote
N-Acetylcysteine
Ibuprofen Poisoning
Causes Renal (kidney) failure
Activated Charcaol
given in emergency situations
fine black powder that creates a stable compound to be exited from the body
give within 1 hour
Activated Charcoal Nursing Considerations
- *may cause vomit, chances higher when given with sorbitol
* *DO NOT give to children under 1 year of age with sorbitol
Corrosive Poisoning Nursing Considerations
GIVE MILK & WATER to dilute
DO NOT INDUCE VOMIT
Sources of Lead Poisoning
Paint in old homes
fishing weights
lead pipes
sniffing gasoline
Symptoms of Lead Poisoning
early symptoms vague, non-specific
late symptoms increase vomit impairment of consciousness
Lead Poisoning and XRAY
lead will be evident on bone growth on XRAY
Toxic Lead Levels
aim for less than 10mcg/dL
^^ No lead poisoning
Treatment for Lead Poisoning
starts when levels reach above 45mcg/dL
Carbon Monoxide Symptoms
headache
muscle weakness
dizziness
“cherry red” appearance