Pressure in solids and fluids part 1

Question 1

Define atmospheric pressure

Answer 1

It is the pressure caused by the collision of air molecules producing a force on an area.

Question 2

Define collide

Answer 2

Bump into each other

Question 3

Define temperature

Answer 3

It is the measure of how hot or cold something is measured in degrees celsius

Question 4

Draw the triangle for calculating pressure and explain it.

Answer 4

Up: Force
Down: Pressure and area

Force = pressure x area
Pressure = Force divided by area
Area = Force divided by pressure

Question 5

How can we measure pressure ( Units of measuring pressure)?

Answer 5

We can measure pressure using these measurements:

Newton per square metre ( N/m2) or pascal (pa)
Newton per square millimetre ( N/mm2)
Newton per square centimetre ( N/cm2)

Question 6

There are 2 shapes. 1 is a rectangle. 2 is an upside down triangle. They are both carrying 1 ton. Which one will have more pressure and why?

Answer 6

The second one will have more pressure because the first one has a larger surface area so all the pressure is spread out however the second one, all the pressure is pointed to one point and it has a smaller surface area so that means it has more pressure.

Question 7

How do gases exert pressure

Answer 7

Gases are free particles that move randomly. As they move, they bump into each other and the walls of the container causing pressure producing a force in that container.

Question 8

WHat factors affect gas pressure and explain

Answer 8

Temperature: The higher the temperature is, the more pressure there is

Volume: The larger the volume, the less pressure there is

Quantity ( number of air molecules) : The more air molecules their is, the higher the pressure.

Question 9

What happens to the pressure when you the number of collisions increases

Answer 9

Pressure increases

Question 10

What happens to the pressure when you the number of collisions decreases

Answer 10

Pressure decreases

Question 11

What happens when you increase the volume ( 4 marks)

Answer 11

Increase volume –> Particles don’t move faster or slower –> less collision —> decrease pressure

Question 12

What happens when you increase temperature ( 5 marks)

Answer 12

1- Increase temperature
2- Particles gain more kinetic energy
3- Particles move faster
4- Particles collide with each other and the walls of the container more.
5- Increased pressure.

Question 13

What happens to the particles on a hot day

Answer 13

1- Hot temperature
2- Particles gain kinetic energy
3- Particles move faster
4- Particles collide with each other and the walls of the container more.
5- Increased pressure.

Question 14

What happens to the particles on a cold day

Answer 14

1- Cold temperature
2- Particles lose kinetic energy
3- Particles move slower
4- Particles collide with each other and the walls of the container less.
5- decreased pressure.

Question 15

Why do balloons burst on a hot day

Answer 15

1- Hot temperature
2- Particles gain kinetic energy
3- Particles move faster
4- Particles collide with each other and the walls of the container more.
5- Increased pressure.
6- The balloon pops.

Question 16

Explain , in terms of pressure, the particles at the top of a mountain and at the bottom of a mountain.

Answer 16

Particles at the top of a mountain have less density gas, less particles, less force exerted on you, less pressure.

Particles at the bottom of the mountain have high density gas, more particles, more force exerted on you, more pressure

Question 17

What do particles do to us

Answer 17

Particles move and collide exerting a force on us.

Question 18

Direct vs indirect propertional ( draw a simple graph)

Answer 18

Direct: Upwards
Indirect: Downwards.

Question 19

Explain why putting a board under a chair prevents it from sinking into the soft ground when someone sits on it

Answer 19

1- Adding the board will increase the surface area, decreasing the pressure

Question 20

2 soldiers are crossing the dessert. Explain why one soldier has an advantage over another soldier who has the same wight but smaller feet.

Answer 20

1- Bigger surface area
2- Less pressure
3- Less sinking

Question 21

Explain what happens to the pressure of the air in a can on a hot day.

Answer 21

1- Gas particles are free particles that move around randomly
2- When the temperature increases, the particles gain more kinetic energy
3-Which causes the particles to move faster.
4- When the particles move faster, they collide with each other and the walls of the container more.
5- The increase in collision causes the pressure to increase making the force increase ( an increase in N/m2)

Question 22

What do particles do to us

Answer 22

Particles move and collide with each other exerting a force on us

Question 23

True or false
1. Pressure is different for everyone

Answer 23

False

Question 24

True or false
2. Particles in a balloon are moving at different speeds

Answer 24

False