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History: Britain > Pressure for reform 1783-1835 > Flashcards

Pressure for reform 1783-1835 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were Corresponding societies?

A

Organisations were members of the Artisan and the middle class discussed topical political issues.

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2
Q

When was the London Corresponding Society set up? and by who?

A

1792 by Thomas Hardy.

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3
Q

What happened to the Birmingham based corresponding society, ‘Friends of France’ in 1791?

A

Attacked by mob influenced by the government.

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4
Q

What action did Pitt take regarding corressponding societies?

A

Banned them in 1799.

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5
Q

Who was Richard Price?

A

Individual who supported the French Revolution and who was critical of the established church. Didn’t like the privilege in the political system.

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6
Q

When did Thomas Paine publish ‘The Rights of Man’?

A

1791.

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7
Q

In the ‘Rights of Man’ what did Thomas Paine call for?

A

Universal male sufferage and an end to political privledges in government. Wanted society to be based on meriet, and there to be more welfair.

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8
Q

What was Thomas Paine charged with?

A

Seditious libel, we would flee to France.

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9
Q

When was the Society of United Irishmen formed? And by who?

A

Set up in 1791 by Wolfe Tone.

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10
Q

What did the United Irishmen want?

A

Full democracy in Ireland, freedom of religion, the influence of ascendency removed and there land shared out, economic and social separation from England.

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11
Q

What did Pitt do to try and reduce support for the United Irishmen?

A

In 1793 he passed the Catholic Relief Act allowing Catholics to vote (still couldn’t be MP’s) hoped it would mean many would no longer support them.

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12
Q

Why did Pitt’s Catholic Relief act ultimatly fail?

A

No full Catholic Emancipation so United Irishmen still had support.

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13
Q

What plot were the United Irishmen involved in?

A

Attempting to allow French troops to land in Ireland in 1797.

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14
Q

In what year did the United Irishmen led a rebellion in Ireland?

A

1798.

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15
Q

In what year did riots break out in Edinburgh?

A

Thomas Muir led riot in 1793. Inspired by Thomas paine.

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16
Q

What did William Wilberforce campaign for?

A

The abolition of slavery.

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17
Q

In what year was the trade in slaves abolished?

A

Abolition of Slavery Act 1807.

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18
Q

When was all slavery abolished?

A
  1. (2nd Abolition of Slavery Act).
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19
Q

Between what years were the Luddites active?

A

1811-12

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20
Q

What were the Luddites angry about?

A

The use of machinary in the workplace.

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21
Q

Who were the riots centered around?

A

There fictional leader Ned Ludd.

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22
Q

Who was murdered by the Luddites that led to a clampdown? and in what year did it happen?

A

William Horsfall was murdered in 1812.

23
Q

How many Luddites were put on trial after 1812?

A

60.

24
Q

Who founded the British socialist movement in 1812?

A

Robert Owen and David Ricardo.

25
Q

What did Robert Owen want?

A

Foctories to be run to make worker feel valued. Based apon New Lanark Mill Scotland.

26
Q

What other organization did Robert Owen set up?

A

The Trade Union and Cooperative movement of 1824.

27
Q

Who was Henry Hunt?

A

He was a radical agitator and orator.

28
Q

What did Henry Hunt campaign for?

A

political representation of the working class.

29
Q

What protests did Henry Hunt support?

A

Peterloo and Spa Fieleds.

30
Q

When were the Spa Fields protests?

A

1816 in London.

31
Q

Why did the Spa Field protest fail?

A

poorly managed led to confusion and fighting broke out between protestors.

32
Q

What was the Blanketeers protest?

A

A march from Manchester to London to hand a petition to the regent asking for ‘Relief of Distress’.

33
Q

When was the Blanketeers march?

A

1817.

34
Q

Why did the Blanketeers march fail?

A

Infiltrated by government spies to cause confusion.

35
Q

When and where was the ‘Peterloo Massacre’?

A

In 1819 at St. Peter’s Field Manchester.

36
Q

Why did the protests at St.Peter’s Field end in tragedy?

A

Local magistrates tried to arrest Henry Hunt caused confusion led to the deaths of 11 people.

37
Q

When was the Catholic Association founded? and by who?

A

1823 by Daniel O’Connell.

38
Q

What did the Catholic Association campaign for?

A

Repeal of 1800 Act of Union and full introduction of Catholic emancipation.

39
Q

Who did Daniel O’Connell extend membership of the Catholic Association to?

A

Anyone who paid the ‘Levy’ (unofficial tax to catholic church).

40
Q

What was the Catholic Associations main method of achieving change?

A

Persuaded voters to vote for pro-Catholic emancipation candidates.

41
Q

Who was Francis Place?

A

Radical who campaigned for the repeal of the combinations act, that had banned TU’s.

42
Q

When was the combination repealed?

A

1824.

43
Q

What did Francis Place go on to start? And when?

A

The National Political Union (NPG) in 1831.

44
Q

In what year was the County Clair election?

A

1828.

45
Q

Why was the County Clair election an issue for Wellington?

A

Couldn’t refuse O’Connell his seat, despite him being a Catholic. Set a trend. Catholics campaigned for emancipation in the commons.

46
Q

What did Wellington do in retaliation after passing Catholic emancipation in 1829?

A

Banned Catholic Association. Increased voting qualifications for Catholics to having to own property worth over £10.

47
Q

When did Thomas Attwood found the Birmingham Political Union (BPU)?

A

1829.

48
Q

What did the BPU campaign for?

A

Extension of franchise. Particularly to incorporate buisness like middle class who he believed would improve the economy.

49
Q

In what year were the Tolpuddle Martyrs sentenced?

A

1834.

50
Q

What did the Tolpuddle Martyrs do?

A

Set up a local branch of the Friendly Society for Agriculture in 1834.

51
Q

When did Robert Owen found the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union (GNCTU)?

A

1835

52
Q

How many members did the GNCTU have in its first year?

A

500,000

53
Q

What did the GNCTU hope to establish?

A

A ‘Cooperative Commonwealth’ were working class control would replace private ownership of industry.

54
Q

Why did the GNCTU ultimately fail?

A

In 1837 there was a recession, workers had more important things to spend money on than membership. Lost support as Robert Owen less willing to call general strikes, preferred meetings with factory owners.

History: Britain (7 decks)

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