Presenting + Intonation Flashcards
What are some benefits of oral presentations?
⚫ Practicing language skills
⚫ Sharing information and knowledge with fellow students
⚫ Practicing communication skills useful for future
employment
⚫ Opportunity to learn from other presenters (as an audience
member)
⚫ Preparing a presentation gives you an active role in forming
new understandings of the course material/subject
⚫ Opportunity to explore different perspectives and to
problem solve
⚫ Lead to transformative learning, critical and analytical
thinking
Who wrote the text on presenting read in the class?
Zivkovic
What is rhythm?
Just as individual words have a stress pattern, phrases and
clauses do too as they become part of real discourse. We call
this Rhythm.
Rhythm is made by the beats or stresses that we place on
different words in different contexts.
What is Intonation?
Intonation in linguistics refers to the patterns of rise and fall
in pitch when we speak. It is the linguistic use of pitch in discourse. It
is linguistic, in the sense that changing the intonation
of an utterance carries meaning.
What is prosody?
Prosody refers to the patterns of stress (rhythm) and
intonation in a language.
What are the two main tasks of prosody?
- Tonality: Phrasing: marking a division of speech into chunks.
- Tonicity: Highlighting: marking prominences
What are the phonetic parameters to mark tonality and tonicity?
- Pitch movement
- Loudness
- Segmental length
- Segmental quality
- Pauses (only in the case of tonality)
What is tonality?
Tonality is the division of spoken discourse into
discrete units of intonation, each of which carries
one piece of information.
How are the pieces of information marked by tonality called?
Intonation unit
How are the focusses in the information marked by tonicity called?
Tonic syllable
What is tonicity?
It is the location of the most prominent
syllable in an intonation unit, and it identifies the focus of each
piece of information. Each intonation unit has one tonic syllable.
How is the tonic syllable made more prominent?
- A degree of loudness above other syllables
- A distinctive pitch movement
What are the phonetic parameters to mark tonicity?
- A distinctive pitch movement or level
- An increase in loudness
- An increase in segmental length
- A use of strong forms and full vowels
IT IS A GENERAL RULE IN ENGLISH THAT THE TONIC SYLLABLE WILL BE HEARD WITHIN THE LAST LEXICAL ITEM OF AN INTONATION UNIT
Prosody that fits this distribution of the tonic syllable is neutral tonicity.
What can i see in WASP?
- Waveform
- Spectogram
- Pitch