Preschool Growth & development

Question 1

preschool growth and development ages 3-5 years

Answer 1

• Eriksons: initiative vs guilt. Success in this stage involves initiative, wherein preschool begins to assert power and control over their enviroment; the opposite result is feeling of guilt and dependence on others
• Piget: preoperational. as described for toddlers this stage of cognative development (2-7 age) is characterized by magical thinking and egocentrism
• Freud phallic stage (3-6 years). The focus of this stage us pleasure derived from genitals; childhood masturbation is common, and preschoolers may view the opposite sex parent a sexual object
• Kohlberg precoventional. As described for todddlers, this level of moral reasoming (2-7 years) involves an ibedience punishment mentality

Question 2

Motor development of a preschooler

Answer 2

• dress and undress seld with assistance at the age of 3 (later with no assistance)
• Go up and down stairs without assistance at the age of three
• draw squares, circles, and later traingles at the age of 3
• begin learning to use utensils and drinking from a cup at the age 3 years old
• Hop and stand on one foot for 5-10 seconds at age 4
• throw objects overhand ata ge 4 years
• Draw stick fogures with more than two body parts by age 4
• uses scissors at age 4
• brush own teeth and go to the toilet without assistance by age 5
• lean to skip, ride a bicycle, and swim at the age 5

Question 3

Language skills of a preschooler

Answer 3

• speak clearly enough for strangers to understand by age 5
• speaks in three to four word sentences at the age of 3
• speaks four to five word sentences by the age 4
• speaks in sentences 5 or more words at the age of 5
• tells stories
• uses future tense
• comprehends ryming
• states full name and address
  have concrete ir literal interpretation of language

Question 4

Cognitive skills of a preschooler

Answer 4

• recall parts of a story
• counts to 10 but no concept of numbers
• correctly identifies at least 4 colors
• begins to understand the concept of time
• know the meaning of same and different
• begin to use imagination and creativity
• ask why questions

Question 5

Social and emotional milestones of a preschooler

Answer 5

• be more independent
• be proud of their abilities
• show interest in new things
• want to do things by themselves
• obey rules
  -engage in role-play
• play well with others this is known as associative play
• wants to please and be like friends
• try to negotiate problem-solving
• have trouble in differentiating between reality and fantasy (later preschool can show the difference)
• believes in monsters or afraid of the dark
• begin to understand gender and racial differences
• begins to explore their genitalia through masturbation
• can be demanding or eager to help
• Can be jelous over the arrival of a new siblin g
• ## place importance on body integrity