Presbyopia

Question 1

What is presbyopia?

Answer 1

An age related reduction in maximal accommodative amplitude sufficient to cause symptoms of blur or asthenopia at near working distances

Question 2

Would a hyperope or a myope report presbyopia earlier?

Answer 2

hyperope

Question 3

When is it generally reported clinically?

Answer 3

When amplitude of accommodation is reduced to 4D or less

Question 4

What are the common symptoms of presbyopia?

Answer 4

Blur or ocular discomfort from near work
Drowsiness after short periods of near work
Asthenopia leading to accommodative spasm (pre-presbyopes)
Transient diplopia (Pre-presbyopes)
Reading material being held further away

Question 5

What is the tentative add?

Answer 5

Extra plus lenses added over the BVA to assist with near vision

Question 6

What are the three methods for determining tentative add?

Answer 6

Amplitude of accommodation calculations
Plus build up test
Binocular cross cylinder test

Question 7

What is the tentative add from amplitude of accommodation testing?

Answer 7

The difference between the accommodative demand and the usable accommodation

Question 8

What is the half in reserve rule?

Answer 8

A general rule that clear and comfortable vision for sustained near work is possible as long as no more than half of the amplitude of accommodation is used

Question 9

What is the end point of the plus build up test?

Answer 9

Best lens that gives the clearest vision

Question 10

What is the end point for the binocular cross cylinder test?

Answer 10

Equal or last horizontal as clearest

Question 11

What is the method used to refine the accuracy of the tentative add?

Answer 11

The range of clear vision test