Accommodative anomalies Flashcards
What are 4 accommodative anomalies
Presbyopia
Accommodative insufficiency
Accommodative excess
Accommodative infacility
What isaccommodative insufficiency?
A subnormal amplitude of accommodation for the patient’s age that is clinically significant for 2D reductions or more
What are the three subcategories for accommodative insufficiency?
Ill-sustained accommodation
paralysis or paresis of accommodation
Unequal accommodation
When can ill-sustained accommodation be anticipated?
With uncorrected myopes
What is the most common cause of paralysis or paersis of accommodation?
Cycloplegic drugs
What is considered unequal accommodation?
Asymmetry of accommodative amplitudes of 0.50D or more
What is accommodative excess?
A higher than normal amplitude of accommodation for the patient’s age
What is accommodative spasm?
Involuntary contraction of the ciliary muscle producing excess accommodation
When is accommodative excess commonly found?
In uncorrected/latent hyperopes or in pseudomyopes
What is accommodative infacility?
When accommodative changes only occur with effort and difficulty
When is accommodative infaclility normally found?
With accommodative insufficiency or excess
With what conditions is high lag likely?
Presbyopia and insufficiency
With what conditions is reduced amplitude of accommodation likely?
Presbyopia and insufficiency
With what conditions is increased amplitude of accommodation likely?
Excess
With what conditions is a negative blur and a positive clear flipper test likely?
Insufficiency
