Presbycusis/Hearing Loss Causes Flashcards
Presbycusis is a common age-related hearing loss that affects individuals over the age of 65. How common is this?
1 - 1 cases per 100,000
2 - 10 cases per 100,000
3 - 100 cases per 100,000
4 - 1000 cases per 100,000
4 - 1000 cases per 100,000
Slightly more common in men and women
Presbycusis is a common age-related hearing loss that affects individuals over the age of 65. Is this a conductive or sensorineural loss of hearing?
- sensorineural
Presbycusis is a common age-related hearing loss that affects individuals over the age of 65. This causes sensorineural loss. is this gradual or rapid onset?
- gradual decline
In the audiogram below, what type of hearing loss is this?
1 - sensorineural
2 - conductive
3 - normal
4 - mixed
1 - sensorineural
Presbycusis is a common age-related hearing loss that affects individuals over the age of 65. This causes sensorineural loss. Does this affect high or low frequencies more?
- High frequencies
Although the exact cause of Presbycusis is likely to be multifactorial, what it the most likely cause?
1 - reduce perilymph
2 - loss of hairs and spiral ganglion cells
3 - demyelination of CN 8
4 - genetics
2 - loss of hairs and spiral ganglion cells
In conductive hearing loss, can vibration from a Webers test be heard better in the effected or unaffected ear?
- affected ear
In sensorineural hearing loss, can vibration from a Webers test be heard better in the effected or unaffected ear?
- unaffected ear
Presbycusis is a common age-related hearing loss that affects individuals over the age of 65. This causes sensorineural loss. Is the hearing loss typically unilateral or bilateral?
- bilateral
Patients may struggle hearing in loud environments
Tinnitus can occur and is serious, but is not common
Which 2 can be used to treat patients with Presbycusis?
1 - hearing rehabilitation (hearing aids)
2 - surgery
3 - antibiotics and grommet
4 - counselling and advice (reduce further loud noises)
1 - hearing rehabilitation (hearing aids)
4 - counselling and advice (reduce further loud noises)
Noise induced hearing loss affects the outer hair cells, inner hair cells and spiral ganglion. The hearing loss is associated with the amplitude and duration of exposure. Is this conductive or sensorineural hearing loss?
- sensorineural
The damage is typically due to sounds of high frequencies
Noise induced hearing loss affects the outer hair cells, inner hair cells and spiral ganglion. The hearing loss is associated with the amplitude and duration of exposure. Is this typically unilateral or bilateral hearing loss?
- bilateral
Noise induced hearing loss affects the outer hair cells, inner hair cells and spiral ganglion. The hearing loss is associated with the amplitude and duration of exposure. Why is the hearing loss typically higher frequencies?
1 - high frequencies have more damage
2 - acoustic reflex is greater at higher frequencies
3 - acoustic reflex is only affective at frequencies < 2kHz
4 - hair cells are damaged at higher frequencies only
3 - acoustic reflex is only affective at frequencies < 2kHz
Acoustic/stapedial reflex – contraction of stapedius when exposed to loud sound - protective
Which 2 can be used to treat patients with Noise induced hearing loss?
1 - hearing rehabilitation (hearing aids)
2 - surgery
3 - antibiotics and grommet
4 - counselling and advice (reduce further loud noises)
1 - hearing rehabilitation (hearing aids)
4 - counselling and advice (reduce further loud noises)
Unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurs over a 3 day period and audiograms confirming ≥ 30dB SNHL in ≥ 3 contiguous frequencies. This is suggested to be due to inflammation of the cochlear nerve. All of the following are likely differentials, but which of the following is suspected to cause 85-90% of cases?
1 - Idiopathic
2 - Infective: Viral, labyrinthitis, meningitis, Lyme disease, syphilis
3 - Vascular: Cerebrovascular accident
4 - Autoimmune disorders: Autoimmune inner ear disease, RA, GPA, Cogan’s syndrome,
5 - Neurological: Multiple sclerosis
6 - Neoplastic: Acoustic neuroma
Iatrogenic: Ototoxic medications
1 - Idiopathic
Unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurs over a 3 day period and audiograms confirming ≥ 30dB SNHL in ≥ 3 contiguous frequencies. This is suggested to be due to inflammation of the cochlear nerve. Auditory tests are completed, and which of the following blood tests?
1 - FBC
2 - U&Es
3 - ESR
4 - Autoimmune screen (ANCA, ACE-i (sarcoidosis), Anticardiolipin, ANA), Syphilis serology, Lyme disease
5 - all of the above
5 - all of the above
Unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurs over a 3 day period and audiograms confirming ≥ 30dB SNHL in ≥ 3 contiguous frequencies. This is suggested to be due to inflammation of the cochlear nerve. Which of the following can patients with Unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss be treated with?
1 - grommets
2 - hearing rehabilitation (hearing aids)
3 - steroids (prednisolone)
4 - douching
3 - steroids (prednisolone)
Started as soon as possible
1mg/kg/day for 7 days, tapered over the next 7 days
If the steroids dont work, we can try Intratympanic steroid injection
Is sudden unilateral or bilateral sensorineural hearing loss a red flag?
- unilateral
Should be referred to ENT urgently
Which of the following is an indication for an MRI of the internal ear?
1 - not responsive to antibiotics
2 - <5 years old
3 - asymmetry on audiometry of ≥ 15dB at any 2adjacent test frequencies
4 - >4 infections in last 12 months
3 - asymmetry on audiometry of ≥ 15dB at any 2adjacent test frequencies
What % of paediatric children are born death?
1 - 1/1000
2 - 10/1000
3 - 100/1000
4 - 150/1000
1 - 1/1000
And 1/1000 children become death during childhood
50% of children who become death during their childhood is non-genetic. Which of the following can lead to deafness in paediatrics?
1 - Perinatal infections: TORCH
2 - Birth complications
3 - Prematurity, SCBU/NICU
4 - Hyperbilirubinaemia
5 - Ototoxic medications
6 - all of the above
6 - all of the above
