preprosthetic surgery Flashcards
What is the significance of understanding oral cavity anatomy in preprosthetic surgery? ==
It helps improve denture bearing areas and ensure stability and retention.
Why is it important to know the anatomy of soft tissues in preprosthetic surgery? ==
To ensure proper function, esthetics, and avoid complications during denture placement.
What are the anatomical landmarks essential for preprosthetic surgery? ==
Alveolar bone, oral mucosa, and vestibular depth are crucial for supporting dentures.
What are the criteria for an ideal ridge for denture support? ==
Adequate width and height, uniform mucosa thickness, elimination of undercuts, and U-shaped ridge.
Why should sharp ridges or bony protuberances be eliminated in preprosthetic surgery? ==
To prevent irritation and improve denture retention and comfort.
Why is vestibular depth important in preprosthetic surgery? ==
Adequate depth provides better denture stability and retention.
What is alveoloplasty and its purpose? ==
It is the reshaping of the alveolar ridge to allow better denture fit and healing post-extraction.
What is the difference between alveoloplasty and alveolevotomy? ==
Alveoloplasty is recontouring the bone; alveolevotomy is the removal of bony parts during extraction.
What is the indication for intraseptal alveoplasty? ==
It is indicated when there is mild maxillary prognathism or undercuts in the labial vestibule.
What surgical steps are involved in a simple alveoloplasty? ==
Ridge incision, flap reflection, bone contouring, soft tissue trimming, and suturing.
What are the indications for torus palatinus removal? ==
Interference with denture construction, ulcerated mucosa, and speech difficulty.
How is torus palatinus surgically removed? ==
Through a double Y incision, flap reflection, bone division using a bur, and flap suturing.
What is the complication of torus removal involving the nasal cavity? ==
Drilling into the nasal cavity can cause nasal bleeding.
What is torus mandibularis and its complications if left untreated? ==
A bony exostosis on the lingual mandible, which can interfere with denture fit, cause discomfort, and lead to speech issues.
What is the surgical technique for torus mandibularis removal? ==
Crestal incision, trough creation, bone removal, smoothing, and flap suturing.
How does the genial tubercle interfere with denture placement? ==
Its prominence can affect denture stability in cases of advanced alveolar ridge resorption.
What are the steps in removing the genial tubercle? ==
Crestal incision, mucoperiosteal flap reflection, and smoothing with bone file.
How does the mylohyoid ridge affect denture placement? ==
Ridge prominence due to bone resorption interferes with the denture base, requiring surgical contouring.
What is the surgical correction technique for mylohyoid ridge interference? ==
Crestal incision, mylohyoid muscle detachment, bone smoothing, and soft tissue suturing.
What is the role of vestibuloplasty in ridge correction? ==
It deepens the vestibule to enhance denture stability when bony height is sufficient but soft tissue attachment is limiting.
What is the importance of lip switch vestibuloplasty? ==
It increases vestibular depth by repositioning soft tissues for better denture support.
What are the indications for frenectomy in preprosthetic surgery? ==
Interference with denture stability, peripheral seal issues, and orthodontic diastema correction.
What is the surgical technique for labial frenectomy? ==
Clamping with hemostats, elliptical incision, wound margin undermining, and suturing at vestibular depth.
What complications can arise from short lingual frenum? ==
It can affect tongue movement, speech, and oral hygiene.
How is lingual frenectomy performed? ==
Hemostat clamping, vertical incision, wound undermining, and suturing.
What is a flabby ridge and how is it corrected? ==
Hypermobile tissue due to bone resorption or ill-fitting dentures, corrected by excision and tissue repositioning.
How is inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (denture fissuratum) managed surgically? ==
Through simple excision, laser, or electrosurgery, with suturing to preserve vestibular depth.
What complications can arise from excision of denture fissuratum? ==
Obliteration of the vestibule and improper wound healing.
How is an enlarged maxillary tuberosity corrected surgically? ==
Soft tissue or bone excision through elliptical or crestal incision, trimming, and suturing.
What methods are used to manage alveolar ridge atrophy? ==
Vestibuloplasty and ridge augmentation are used depending on bone height and width deficiencies.
What are the common techniques used for vestibuloplasty? ==
Submucosal, secondary epithelization (Kazanjian technique), and skin/mucosal grafting.
What is ridge augmentation, and when is it indicated? ==
It is the surgical enhancement of alveolar ridge height and/or width when bone is deficient.
What is distraction osteogenesis and its role in preprosthetic surgery? ==
It lengthens bone and soft tissue simultaneously, used for severe ridge resorption cases.
What are the different bone graft materials used in ridge augmentation? ==
Autogenous bone, allografts (FDBA, DFDBA), xenografts, and alloplastic materials like hydroxyapatite.
What are the advantages of onlay bone grafts in mandibular augmentation? ==
They increase ridge width with minimal bone resorption and predictable results.
What is the sandwich technique in mandibular augmentation? ==
A horizontal osteotomy with bone grafting to increase ridge width, especially in the anterior mandible.
What are the common complications associated with ridge augmentation surgeries? ==
Graft resorption, infection, and donor site morbidity.
What is the purpose of maxillary sinus lifting? ==
It increases bone height for implant placement in the posterior maxilla.
What are the steps in direct sinus lifting for maxillary ridge augmentation? ==
Lateral wall approach, sinus membrane elevation, bone graft placement, and membrane stabilization.
How does the inferior border augmentation prevent mandibular fracture? ==
It reinforces the mandible by placing grafts on the inferior border, especially in cases of severe bone loss.
What are the advantages of mandibular superior border augmentation? ==
It increases ridge height, supporting prostheses and maintaining esthetics in severely resorbed mandibles.
How is a vestibuloplasty with a submucosal approach performed? ==
Mucosa is separated from connective tissue, and the soft tissue is displaced or removed to create a deeper vestibule.
What are the indications for performing a secondary epithelization vestibuloplasty? ==
When there is adequate bone height but insufficient mucosa, causing ulceration and a shallow vestibule.
