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Oral surgery > cysts > Flashcards

cysts Flashcards

1
Q

“What is the general definition of a cyst?”==

A

A cyst is a pathologic cavity containing fluid, semifluid, or gas, often lined by epithelium.

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2
Q

“What is the 1966 definition of a cyst by Killey and Key?”==

A

Killey and Key defined a cyst as an epithelium-lined sac filled with fluid, semifluid, or gas.

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3
Q

“According to Kramer in 1974, what qualifies a cyst?”==

A

Kramer described a cyst as a cavity with fluid or gas, not always lined by epithelium.

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4
Q

“What are the three basic components of a cyst?”==

A

A cyst has a central cavity (lumen), an epithelial lining, and a connective tissue wall.

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5
Q

“What does the lumen of a cyst contain?”==

A

The lumen can contain fluid or semisolid materials, such as cellular debris or keratin.

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6
Q

“What tissue type forms the lining of most cysts?”==

A

Epithelium forms the lining of most cysts.

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7
Q

“What structure provides the outer boundary of a cyst?”==

A

The connective tissue wall, or capsule, forms the cyst’s outer boundary.

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8
Q

“How can cysts affect surrounding tissue structures?”==

A

Cysts can displace structures, cause resorption or delayed tooth eruption, and weaken bone.

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9
Q

“What happens when a cyst becomes infected?”==

A

Infection can lead to symptoms like facial cellulitis or osteomyelitis.

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10
Q

“How do cysts cause tissue displacement?”==

A

Cysts expand, pushing aside normal functional structures.

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11
Q

“Name one possible impact of cysts on teeth.”==

A

Cysts can delay tooth eruption or cause root resorption.

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12
Q

“What are some signs of a large, infected cyst?”==

A

Pain, swelling, and discharge are common signs.

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13
Q

“What is the initial stage in cyst formation?”==

A

Inflammatory mediators initiate cyst formation.

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14
Q

“What role does genetic loss play in cyst formation?”==

A

Genetic loss of immunological surveillance can lead to cyst formation.

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15
Q

“How does low oxygen tension contribute to cyst formation?”==

A

It creates a favorable local environment for cyst development.

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16
Q

“What is the process of cyst enlargement or expansion?”==

A

Cyst enlargement occurs through fluid retention, raised pressure, and bone resorption.

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17
Q

“What is the role of hydrostatic pressure in cyst growth?”==

A

Hydrostatic pressure from fluid retention enlarges the cyst cavity.

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18
Q

“What is ‘mural growth’ in cyst enlargement?”==

A

Mural growth involves peripheral cell division of the lining in response to irritants.

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19
Q

“How do goblet cells contribute to cyst growth?”==

A

Goblet cells secrete fluid that increases cystic pressure, aiding enlargement.

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20
Q

“What is the osmotic theory in cyst enlargement?”==

A

The osmotic theory suggests dialysis, where fluid accumulates due to osmotic pressure.

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21
Q

“What substance in cyst tissue can lead to bone resorption?”==

A

Prostaglandins like PGE2 and PGE3 act as bone-resorbing factors.

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22
Q

“What type of cyst is commonly painless and slow-growing?”==

A

Most cysts, unless infected or large, are asymptomatic.

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23
Q

“How does a cyst cause paraesthesia?”==

A

Large mandibular cysts press on nerves, leading to temporary paraesthesia.

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24
Q

“What is a typical symptom of a non-infected cyst?”==

A

Non-infected cysts are often painless.

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25
Q

“What is a common radiographic finding for a radicular cyst?”==

A

A well-defined radiolucent area around the tooth root apex.

26
Q

“What are the three main types of radicular cysts?”==

A

Apical, lateral, and residual cysts are the main types of radicular cysts.

27
Q

“How do inflammatory collateral cysts differ from other cysts?”==

A

They result from inflammation near the root bifurcation area.

28
Q

“What are the common locations for dentigerous cysts?”==

A

They are often found around unerupted teeth, especially third molars and canines.

29
Q

“What is the usual radiographic appearance of a dentigerous cyst?”==

A

A well-defined unilocular radiolucency surrounding the crown of an impacted tooth.

30
Q

“How can a large dentigerous cyst impact facial symmetry?”==

A

It can cause facial asymmetry due to bony expansion.

31
Q

“What is a key histological feature of an odontogenic keratocyst?”==

A

The presence of a keratinized epithelial lining.

32
Q

“What is the primary treatment for an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)?”==

A

Enucleation and mechanical curettage, often followed by chemical cauterization.

33
Q

“What feature distinguishes an aneurysmal bone cyst radiographically?”==

A

A multilocular radiolucency that can appear in the mandible.

34
Q

“How is a traumatic bone cyst typically treated?”==

A

By surgical exploration and curettage to induce bleeding for healing.

35
Q

“What is a nasopalatine duct cyst?”==

A

A non-odontogenic cyst located in the midline of the maxilla near the incisive canal.

36
Q

“What does the composition of a calcifying odontogenic cyst include?”==

A

It may contain ghost cells and calcified material within its epithelium.

37
Q

“What is the typical location for a nasolabial cyst?”==

A

It is found in the nasolabial fold near the maxillary canine area.

38
Q

“What is the primary content of a globulomaxillary cyst?”==

A

This cyst contains mucoid fluid and arises in the upper jaw.

39
Q

“What causes an aneurysmal bone cyst?”==

A

Aneurysmal bone cysts may follow trauma and involve rapid expansion.

40
Q

“What are the clinical signs of a traumatic bone cyst?”==

A

It is asymptomatic but may cause mild swelling in the mandibular molar area.

41
Q

“What radiographic appearance is typical of a traumatic bone cyst?”==

A

A well-defined radiolucency with a scalloped border between roots.

42
Q

“What is a ‘latent bone cyst’?”==

A

A developmental condition where the submandibular gland develops within a bone cavity.

43
Q

“Where is a latent bone cyst usually located?”==

A

It is typically found in the lingual surface of the mandible.

44
Q

“What is a surgical method for cyst treatment known as marsupialization?”==

A

It involves creating a surgical opening to reduce cystic pressure.

45
Q

“Why is marsupialization beneficial in certain cases?”==

A

It preserves structures and reduces risks of fracture and paresthesia.

46
Q

“What is a disadvantage of marsupialization?”==

A

It may leave pathological tissue behind, slowing healing.

47
Q

“What are indications for using marsupialization over other treatments?”==

A

It is chosen for large or infected cysts or when surgery risks vital structures.

48
Q

“Describe the enucleation technique for cyst treatment.”==

A

It involves complete removal of the cyst and closure of the wound edges.

49
Q

“What are the risks associated with enucleation?”==

A

Risks include injury to neurovascular structures and potential fractures.

50
Q

“When is enucleation preferred over marsupialization?”==

A

It is preferred when cysts can be removed without sacrificing vital structures.

51
Q

“What is the purpose of enucleation with curettage?”==

A

To remove a thin layer of bone around the cyst cavity, reducing recurrence.

52
Q

“What type of cyst typically requires enucleation with curettage?”==

A

Odontogenic keratocysts, due to their high recurrence rate.

53
Q

“What is a common material used in enucleation with cavity obliteration?”==

A

Bioglass or bone grafts are used to fill large cystic cavities.

54
Q

“What is an advantage of using obliteration materials in cyst treatment?”==

A

They maintain bone contour and support faster healing.

55
Q

“What is the role of a cyst plug in marsupialization?”==

A

It helps keep the opening patent and reduces contamination.

56
Q

“What must be considered when creating a cyst plug?”==

A

It should be retentive, shallow enough for healing, and easy to remove.

57
Q

“What is the combination technique in cyst treatment?”==

A

It combines marsupialization with later enucleation for full removal.

58
Q

“Why would a combination technique be used in cyst treatment?”==

A

It preserves bone while allowing gradual cyst removal.

59
Q

“What is the preferred treatment for a dentigerous cyst in children?”==

A

Marsupialization, to allow preservation of impacted teeth.

60
Q

“What are common complications of untreated cysts?”==

A

They may cause bone destruction, disfigurement, infection, or nerve impairment.

Oral surgery (3 decks)

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