cysts Flashcards
“What is the general definition of a cyst?”==
A cyst is a pathologic cavity containing fluid, semifluid, or gas, often lined by epithelium.
“What is the 1966 definition of a cyst by Killey and Key?”==
Killey and Key defined a cyst as an epithelium-lined sac filled with fluid, semifluid, or gas.
“According to Kramer in 1974, what qualifies a cyst?”==
Kramer described a cyst as a cavity with fluid or gas, not always lined by epithelium.
“What are the three basic components of a cyst?”==
A cyst has a central cavity (lumen), an epithelial lining, and a connective tissue wall.
“What does the lumen of a cyst contain?”==
The lumen can contain fluid or semisolid materials, such as cellular debris or keratin.
“What tissue type forms the lining of most cysts?”==
Epithelium forms the lining of most cysts.
“What structure provides the outer boundary of a cyst?”==
The connective tissue wall, or capsule, forms the cyst’s outer boundary.
“How can cysts affect surrounding tissue structures?”==
Cysts can displace structures, cause resorption or delayed tooth eruption, and weaken bone.
“What happens when a cyst becomes infected?”==
Infection can lead to symptoms like facial cellulitis or osteomyelitis.
“How do cysts cause tissue displacement?”==
Cysts expand, pushing aside normal functional structures.
“Name one possible impact of cysts on teeth.”==
Cysts can delay tooth eruption or cause root resorption.
“What are some signs of a large, infected cyst?”==
Pain, swelling, and discharge are common signs.
“What is the initial stage in cyst formation?”==
Inflammatory mediators initiate cyst formation.
“What role does genetic loss play in cyst formation?”==
Genetic loss of immunological surveillance can lead to cyst formation.
“How does low oxygen tension contribute to cyst formation?”==
It creates a favorable local environment for cyst development.
“What is the process of cyst enlargement or expansion?”==
Cyst enlargement occurs through fluid retention, raised pressure, and bone resorption.
“What is the role of hydrostatic pressure in cyst growth?”==
Hydrostatic pressure from fluid retention enlarges the cyst cavity.
“What is ‘mural growth’ in cyst enlargement?”==
Mural growth involves peripheral cell division of the lining in response to irritants.
“How do goblet cells contribute to cyst growth?”==
Goblet cells secrete fluid that increases cystic pressure, aiding enlargement.
“What is the osmotic theory in cyst enlargement?”==
The osmotic theory suggests dialysis, where fluid accumulates due to osmotic pressure.
“What substance in cyst tissue can lead to bone resorption?”==
Prostaglandins like PGE2 and PGE3 act as bone-resorbing factors.
“What type of cyst is commonly painless and slow-growing?”==
Most cysts, unless infected or large, are asymptomatic.
“How does a cyst cause paraesthesia?”==
Large mandibular cysts press on nerves, leading to temporary paraesthesia.
“What is a typical symptom of a non-infected cyst?”==
Non-infected cysts are often painless.
“What is a common radiographic finding for a radicular cyst?”==
A well-defined radiolucent area around the tooth root apex.
“What are the three main types of radicular cysts?”==
Apical, lateral, and residual cysts are the main types of radicular cysts.
“How do inflammatory collateral cysts differ from other cysts?”==
They result from inflammation near the root bifurcation area.
“What are the common locations for dentigerous cysts?”==
They are often found around unerupted teeth, especially third molars and canines.
“What is the usual radiographic appearance of a dentigerous cyst?”==
A well-defined unilocular radiolucency surrounding the crown of an impacted tooth.
“How can a large dentigerous cyst impact facial symmetry?”==
It can cause facial asymmetry due to bony expansion.
“What is a key histological feature of an odontogenic keratocyst?”==
The presence of a keratinized epithelial lining.
“What is the primary treatment for an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)?”==
Enucleation and mechanical curettage, often followed by chemical cauterization.
“What feature distinguishes an aneurysmal bone cyst radiographically?”==
A multilocular radiolucency that can appear in the mandible.
“How is a traumatic bone cyst typically treated?”==
By surgical exploration and curettage to induce bleeding for healing.
“What is a nasopalatine duct cyst?”==
A non-odontogenic cyst located in the midline of the maxilla near the incisive canal.
“What does the composition of a calcifying odontogenic cyst include?”==
It may contain ghost cells and calcified material within its epithelium.
“What is the typical location for a nasolabial cyst?”==
It is found in the nasolabial fold near the maxillary canine area.
“What is the primary content of a globulomaxillary cyst?”==
This cyst contains mucoid fluid and arises in the upper jaw.
“What causes an aneurysmal bone cyst?”==
Aneurysmal bone cysts may follow trauma and involve rapid expansion.
“What are the clinical signs of a traumatic bone cyst?”==
It is asymptomatic but may cause mild swelling in the mandibular molar area.
“What radiographic appearance is typical of a traumatic bone cyst?”==
A well-defined radiolucency with a scalloped border between roots.
“What is a ‘latent bone cyst’?”==
A developmental condition where the submandibular gland develops within a bone cavity.
“Where is a latent bone cyst usually located?”==
It is typically found in the lingual surface of the mandible.
“What is a surgical method for cyst treatment known as marsupialization?”==
It involves creating a surgical opening to reduce cystic pressure.
“Why is marsupialization beneficial in certain cases?”==
It preserves structures and reduces risks of fracture and paresthesia.
“What is a disadvantage of marsupialization?”==
It may leave pathological tissue behind, slowing healing.
“What are indications for using marsupialization over other treatments?”==
It is chosen for large or infected cysts or when surgery risks vital structures.
“Describe the enucleation technique for cyst treatment.”==
It involves complete removal of the cyst and closure of the wound edges.
“What are the risks associated with enucleation?”==
Risks include injury to neurovascular structures and potential fractures.
“When is enucleation preferred over marsupialization?”==
It is preferred when cysts can be removed without sacrificing vital structures.
“What is the purpose of enucleation with curettage?”==
To remove a thin layer of bone around the cyst cavity, reducing recurrence.
“What type of cyst typically requires enucleation with curettage?”==
Odontogenic keratocysts, due to their high recurrence rate.
“What is a common material used in enucleation with cavity obliteration?”==
Bioglass or bone grafts are used to fill large cystic cavities.
“What is an advantage of using obliteration materials in cyst treatment?”==
They maintain bone contour and support faster healing.
“What is the role of a cyst plug in marsupialization?”==
It helps keep the opening patent and reduces contamination.
“What must be considered when creating a cyst plug?”==
It should be retentive, shallow enough for healing, and easy to remove.
“What is the combination technique in cyst treatment?”==
It combines marsupialization with later enucleation for full removal.
“Why would a combination technique be used in cyst treatment?”==
It preserves bone while allowing gradual cyst removal.
“What is the preferred treatment for a dentigerous cyst in children?”==
Marsupialization, to allow preservation of impacted teeth.
“What are common complications of untreated cysts?”==
They may cause bone destruction, disfigurement, infection, or nerve impairment.
