Prepare Surface Flashcards
All of these should be determined during a refinishing planning EXCEPT
- if the existing finish should be partially or completely removed
- whether or not the damage can be corrected by detailing or refinishing
- if solvent soluble contaminants need to be removed
- whether to remove or mask parts of the vehicle
- whether panel edging should be done
- type and size of damage
- whether or not adjacent panels need to be blended and where the blend areas are located
If solvent soluble contaminants need to be removed
The following statement regarding paint labels are true EXCEPT
- each manufacturer placed a label in the same location regardless of model
- labels may be a metal tag or plastic / paper sticker
- paint makes provide illustration showing where the paint colour code is located
- label location information can be found in repair guides and paint maker chip guides
Each manufacturer places labels in the same location regardless of model.
Intermix paint includes individual tints and binders that need to be mixed using a formula
True
False
True
Paint formulas may be found in computer databases or in the paint maker’s colour directories
True
False
True
All are true refinish systems EXECPT
- are compatible with other paint systems
- have their own application process and recommended techniques
- have their own warranties and technical support
- have a different chemistry that is used to make the refinished material
Are compatible with other paint system
Paint makers recommend all EXCEPT
- solvent usage
- additive usage
- drying and curing times
- vehicle cleaning and preparation
- cross-compatible refinished materials
Cross compatible refinished materials
Surface cleaning for inspection should always include the removal of water-soluble and solvent-soluble contaminants
True
False
True
When using wax and grease remover
- remove water soluble contaminants after solvent soluble contaminants
- the surface must be kept wet to allow contaminants to float to the surface
- it is only necessary to clean the area of direct damage
- use one clean towel
The surface must be kept wet to allow contaminants to float to the surface
The following are example of substrates EXCEPT
- plastic or metals
- e coat
- wax and polish
- body filler
Wax and polish residue
Typically, vehicle maker paint film thickness is about
- 4 to 6 mils
- 2 to 4 mils
- 8 to 8 mils
- 8 to 10 mils
4 to 6 mils
Which refinishing procedure would require the mil thickness of the existing finish be reduced?
- painting over an OEM finish
- applying pinstripe tape
- blending a factory finish
- a third paint application
A third paint application
The following indicates a refinished vehicle EXCEPT
- change in surface texture
- evidence of sheet metal repairs
- poor colour match
- dull finish
Dull finish
A surface is considered to be poor if masking tape is applied to a section of the finish that has been sanded through and the original finish adheres to the tape when lifted
True
False
True
The following describes stripping surfaces
- Stripped to remove surface contaminants
- completely stripped down to the base material
- stripped to remove a coating
- partially stripped to remove the film thickness
Stripped to remove surface contaminants.
The following describes stripping surfaces.
- Stripped to remove surface contaminants
- completely stripped down to the base material
- stripped to remove a coating
- partially stripped to remove the film thickness
Stripped to remove surface contaminants
CAMI FEPA JIS and micron
- are sandpaper manufacturers
- are grading systems used to describe the backing of the sandpaper
- are grading systems used to describe the grit of the sandpaper
- are systems to attach sandpaper to the tool
Are grading systems used to describe the grit of the sandpaper.
Available in wet and dry types
Sheet stock
Available in 16-50 grit
Grinding disc
The most common size are 125mm ( 5” ), 150mm ( 6” ) and 200mm ( 8” )
Sanding discs
Generally open coat sandpaper is used for collision repair operations and closed coat is used for refinished operation
True
False
True
Abrasive paper is available in all EXCEPT
- strips
- pads
- sheets
- discs
Pads
A gear driven DA sander
- is affected by pressure and speed
- produces a random pattern
- is available in longer or short stroke
- spins and follows a pattern
Spins and follows a pattern
May cause discolouration or panel distortion due to heath
Excessive pressure
When cross cutting
Strokes overlap
Sweeping from side to side
Marks are nearly straight
Store grinding discs at 19-24•C ( 65-75•F )
Prevent curling
Grind so that the disc spins off of edge, not into it
Cuts too deeply or may tear apart the disc
A grinder is an example of
- A round single action sander
- a round dual action sander
- a long stroke sander
- a gear down dual action sander
A round single action sander
Finishing sanders are typically dual action
True
False
True
Slow down sander speed
To help prevent buildup on the disc
Don’t place sander on the floor
To avoid contaminating the sander
Keep the sander moving on the surface
To prevent deep scratches, gouges or burn through
Mask or remove
To protect trims and mouldings
A hand sanding board file requires
Using long, level strokes
When using hand sanding blocks apply pressure at the finger, not at the palm
True
False
False
All describe scuffing EXCEPT
- used to level finish
- the least aggressive form of surface preparation
- should be done without creating scratches or breaking into the undercoat
- used for new parts that require light abrasion
Used to level the finish.
All describe scuffing pad EXCEPT
- used to remove gloss
- used in areas where DA sander cannot adequately access
- used to feather the finish
- made of nylon type material or woven plastic abrasive
Used to feather edge the finish
A proper feather edge show of each layer of coating
- 13 to 26mm ( 1/2-1” )
- 6 to 10mm ( 1/4-3/8” )
- 10 to 13mm ( 3/8 - 1/2” )
- 3 to 6mm ( 1/8-1/4” )
6-10mm ( 1/4-3/8” )
Sanding is used to remove texture, level minor imperfection and is more aggressive that scuffing
True
False
True
All apply to wet sanding EXCEPT
- use long strokes and light pressure
- the surface and the paper are kept wet
- the smoothness of the surface should be checked parity wetting the surface and drying it with a squeegee.
- use a hand sanding blocks apply.
Use a long strokes and light pressure
Galvanizing is a process of
- Baking epoxy primer
- Washing the body with zinc phosphate
- dipping the body in e coat
- applying zinc coating to bare steel
Applying zinc coating to bare steel
Method of galvanizing sheet metal include all EXCEPT
- hot dipping
- electrodeposition
- extruding
- priming
Priming
Remove oil residue and dirt
Cleaning, degreasing and rinsing
Applies zinc for corrosion protection
Phosphate coating process
Uses a negatively charged coating being applied to a positively charged to promote corrosion protection to the entire body
Electrodeposition ( e coating ) process
Adds a barrier between the steel surface and the atmosphere
Paint process
Mils are the unit most commonly used to measure coating thickness
True
False
True
All describe seam sealers EXCEPT
- help prevent corrosion from forming in the flange and joint areas
- protect flanges from water dust and corrosion
- reduce excessive road noise
- applied only to exterior surfaces
Applied only to exterior surfaces
The following involves the application of a solid or metallic finish, typically a high-solid, low - VOC, waterborne product
Top coating
Undercoating
Powder coating
Top coating
Reduce the viscosity of the paint so it can be sprayed
Solvents
Hold the pigments together in liquid form
Binders
Provides the colour of the paint
Pigment
When defining a volatile organic compound VOC
- a carbon containing material that evaporates when exposed to air
- a carbon containing material that becomes corrosive when exposed to water
- a carbon neutral material that helps to evaporate ground level ozone
A carbon containing material that evaporates when exposed to air
The following have been considered automotive finishes EXCEPT
Oil-based
Enamels
Waterborne
Lacquers
Oil based
A thermoplastic coating may be reflowed using heat or solvent
True
False
True
Waterborne finishes
- have a glossy appearance when dry
- include topcoat finishes
- dry faster than other finishes
- are protected by solvent-Bourne clear coat
Are protecting by solvent-Bourne clear coat
UV-cure finishes are currently limited because of the restrictions on the area that can be cured at once
True
False
True
A clear coat finish
- protects the finish from X-ray
- dries to a flat finish
- is a thermoset finish
- is also called the foundation coat or colour coat
Is a thermoset finish
In a multi-stage finish the mid coat is typically
- translucent
- opaque
- used to promote adhesion
- transparent
Translucent
Term used to describe a part being replaced
- uninstall
- remove and replace R&R
- Remove and install R&I
- replace Rpr
remove and replace R&R
Priority criteria for component removal versus masking should include all EXCEPT
- serviceability ( access to fasteners, etc )
- location ( visibility of the part )
- warranty is issue ( ie possible adhesion issue if masked )
- cost ( cheap to mask )
Cost ( cheap to mask )
Component most likely to be masked rather than removed in the finishing process
- marker light
- bumper cover
- grill
- windshield
Windshield
What is the first step when preparing a vehicle to be masked?
- Blow out dust from all panel gaps
- wash with soap and water
- clean with wax and grease remover
- remove all trim and accessories
Wash with soap and water
Masking paper is coated
- To prevent solvent penetration and the release of fibres
- for water proofing
- to promote masking tape adhesion
- to control static build up
To prevent solvent penetration and the release of fibres
A non static coating on masking plastic
- helps it to cling to the vehicle
- helps to prevent explosion due to electrical sparks
- promotes masking tape adhesion
- attracts overspray away from the substrate
Helps it to cling on the vehicle
Conventional masking tape is
- silicone coated
- wax coated
- vinyl backed
- paper backed
Paper backed
Masking tape adhesive with the following characteristics is less likely to lift paint from the substrate
- Permanent
- tack free
- high tack
- low tack
Low tack
How far from the edge of a panel should border masking be, before applying fine line tape?
6mm ( 1/4” )
13mm ( 1/2” )
1.5mm ( 1/16” )
3mm ( 1/8” )
3mm ( 1/8” )
All describe reverse masking EXCEPT:
- creates a rolled edge to avoid defined height change between the substrate and the refinished
- used to contain overspray and taper the paint edge
- used to break paint on body lines for spot painting
- tape is applied to the backside of the panel to protect jams from overspray
- used in spot priming and spot painting operation
Tape is applied to the backside of the panel to protect jams from overspray
The following technique is commonly used when preparing for small spot prime in the middle of panel
- reverse masking.
- back masking
- lift masking
- looping mask
Reverse masking
Looping mask should be used to blend clearcoat on a sail panel
True
False
False
All describes aperture tape EXCEPT
- used to lift trim or moulding off the surface
- also called foam tape
- applied between panel gaps
- used to prevent unwanted overspray
Used to lift trim or moulding off the surface
Lifting tape can be used to hold trim away from the surface so that refinished materials can be applied to the surface beneath the trim
True
False
True
Lifting rope can always be reused
True
False
False
The following describes the best process for removing masking materials
- Remove masking materials immediately after the paint has flashed
- remove fine line edging tape while paint is soft, leaving other masking materials on until after detailing if possible
- remove masking materials only at temperatures below 16•C ( 60•F )
Remove fine line edging tape while paint is soft, leaving other masking materials on until after painting detailing if possible
All describes spray mask EXCEPT
- applied to clean, dry surfaces such as tires, wheel wells and engine compartments
- applied to protect areas from overspray and to trap dirt and dust
- is bio degradable once removed
- is removed with soap and water
Is bio degradable once removed
When masking for primer it is best to prime the entire panel
True
False
False
Provides corrosion resistance and aid in refinished materials adhesion
Corrosion resistant primer
Provides UV protection
Top coat
Typically used on plastic
Adhesion promoter
Aid in adhesion of the topcoat to the primer surfacer
Primer sealer
Aid in levelling a finish
Primer surfacer
Factor to consider when refinishing bare metal steel include all EXCEPT
- if the part is galvanized
- if the part requires a self etching primer
- if the part requires adhesion promoter
- if the part require metal conditioning and conversion coating
If the part requires adhesion promoter
Galvanic coating should be removed from the repair area prior to refinishing
True
False
False
Factors to consider when using an abrasive material to clean and prepare the surface include all EXCEPT
- avoid welded areas
- do not thin the base metal when grinding the surface flush.
- level out blurs, nibs, and deep scratches
- avoid removing the galvanized coating on steel parts
Avoid welded areas
Considerations when choosing a primer or sealer include all EXCEPT
- condition and type of substrate
- contour of substrate
- type of topcoat being used
- typer of finish on the substrate
Contour of substrate
Refinishing products that can be applied to bare metal substrates include all EXCEPT
- direct to metal or etching primers
- waterborne primers
- metal preparation / conversion coating
- zinc chromatic / phosphate primers
Waterborne primer
All describe epoxy primers EXCEPT
- should not be applied before applying body filler
- provide corrosion protection that is most like the vehicle maker e coat
- are not designed for filling minor surface imperfections
- may require metal conditioner and conversion coating application
Should not be applied before applying body filler
Self etching primer should be applied over a metal conditioner and conversion coating
True
False
False
The following contains phosphoric acid that deeply cleanses, dissolves light surface corrosion and etches the metal for adhesion
- metal conditioner
- conversion coating
- waterborne primer
- zinc chromate / phosphate primers
Metal conditioner
A metal conditioner cleaning is followed by conversion coating to increase adhesion between the bare metal and primer
True
False
True
All describe etching, wash, and acid etch primers EXCEPT
- has high build characteristics that provide a uniform, smooth surface for topcoat application.
- should not be used over body filler
- provides good adhesion for topcoat to bare metal or e coated surfaces
- contains acid to chemically etch into the bare metal surface
Has high build characteristics that provide a uniform smooth surface for topcoat application
All describe primer surfacer EXCEPT
- are applied over treated metal and original finishes
- requires sanding after application
- have high build characteristics
- cannot be applied over areas with body filler
Cannot be applied over areas with body filler
A primer surfacer / primer sealer may be called a one step primer
True
False
True
Tech A says failure to apply a tinted undercoat when recommended by the paint maker could result in poor topcoat adhesion
Tech B says failure to apply a tinted undercoat when recommended by the paint maker could result in poor topcoat coverage
A
B
Both
Neither
B
What best describes the general process to prepare a repaired steel part for refinishing?
- clean, feather edge / scuff, apply epoxy primers then, primer surfacer
- clean, feather edge / scuff, apply corrosion resistant primer then primer surfacer
- clean, feather edge / scuff, apply primer surfacer then, corrosion resistant primer
Clean, feather edge / scuff, apply corrosion resistant primer then primer surfacer
A general rule is not to step more that _____ grit when using sandpaper between 36 and p500 grit
50
100
150
200
100
A general rule is not to step more than _____ grit when using sandpaper between p600 and p1000 grit
100
200
400
500
200
Common materials used for media blasting include all EXCEPT
- pepper corns
- sand
- walnut shell
- plastic
- baking soda
Pepper corns
Media blasting with _________ without proper PPE may cause lung infections and disease, such as silicosis, tuberculosis and pneumonia
Silica sand
Wheat husks
Glass
Plastic
Silica sand
All should be considered when using chemical stripper consider EXCEPT
- use heat after applying
- wearing protective clothing, including goggles, respirators, coveralls, and acid resistant rubber gloves
- avoiding areas with body filler because the chemicals may soften the body filler
- restriction for use on plastic on composite surfaces
- use heat after applying
Hardener, catalyst, accelerators, and activators
Initiate or increase the process
Lower the viscosity of the material to enable spray ability
Can affect the metallic orientation because of the wet time
Reducers
All are considered when working with aluminum EXCEPT
- aluminum oxide coating once aluminum is exposed and should be removed
- do not use the sanding tools and materials interchangeably for steel and aluminum
- do not use coarser than p220 sandpaper
- use metal conditioner and conversion coating made specifically for aluminum
Do not use coarser than p220 grit sandpaper
You have 300 ml of primer ready to spray ( RTS )
It is mixed to the ratio of 2:2 ( 2 parts primer, 1 part hardener )
How much hard hardener was used?
100ml
200ml
300ml
None
100ml
Plastic containing reinforcement fibers
- must be treated with adhesion and promoter prior to refinishing
- can wick cleaner and solvent in the surface
- must be rinsed with wax and grease remover prior to refinishing
- should not be considered for refinishing
Can wick cleaner and solvent into the surface
The difference between sealer and primer sealer is that
- a sealer can be applied over bare metal
- a primer sealer can be applied over bare metal
- a sealer cannot protect against minor scratches that go through to bare metal
- only a sealer available as a waterborne material
A primer sealer can be applied over bare metal
Given the ratio below how much paint will be required to mix 1 litre of ready to spray ( RTS ) material ?
The required paint mixing ratio is 3:1:1 ( 3 parts primers primer, 1 part hardener, 1 part reducer )
200ml
400ml
600ml
800ml
600ml
What is the mixing ratio for the following amounts
300ml paint / 100ml hardener / 50ml reducer
6:1:2
6:2:1
3:1:5
3:1:1
6:2:1
A solvent test determine if an e coat is found is considered successful if the e coat material transfers to a solvent dampened cloth
True
False
False
Adhesion promoter provide a required deep cleaning of bare plastic parts
True
False
False
Plastic parts should be cleaned using non static plastic cleaner to avoid potential fire hazard
True
False
True
Undercoats refers to all the different types of primers and sealers
True
False
True
