Prep for Patient Care

Question 1

What is core stabilization?

Answer 1

Relates to a group of muscles bounded by the abdominal wall, the pelvis, the diaphragm, and the lower back that are contracted to assist in posture, balance, and stability.

Question 2

COG

Answer 2

Center of Gravity

- the point at which the mass of a body or object is centered

Question 3

Where does the COG usually land?

Answer 3

At the 2nd sacral segment

Question 4

BOS

Answer 4

Base of Support

- the area on which an object rests and that provides support for the object

Question 5

VGL

Answer 5

Vertical Gravity Line

- an imaginary vertical line that passes through the COG of an object

Question 6

Lumbar Lordosis

Answer 6

the natural position of the lumbar spine

Question 7

Valsalva Maneuver

Answer 7

The action of holding your breath and bearing down while lifting something heavy
*NOT GOOD

Question 8

What is the risk associated with the Valsalva Maneuver?

Answer 8

It increases vertebral pressure which puts out discs at risk for rupture

Question 9

6 Rules of Lifting

Answer 9

1) Keep the load close
2) Widen BOS and keep VGL within your BOS
3) Shorten your lever arm to decrease torque
4) No twisting
5) Use larger and stronger muscles
6) Push, pull, roll, or slide object when possible

Question 10

Describe the “Traditional” Lifting Model

Answer 10

• Demonstrate posterior pelvic tilt
• Relatively straight lumbar and thoracic spine
• Isometric contraction of the abdominal musculature
• Stabilization of the lumber spine

Question 11

Describe the Deep Squat Lifting Model

Answer 11

• Hips positioned below the level of the knees
• Straddle object if possible
• Maintain vertical trunk position
• Lumbar spine is in lordosis
• Anterior pelvic tilt

Question 12

Describe the Power Lifting Model

Answer 12

• Only half squat is performed so hips remain above the level of the knees
• Trunk tends to go more vertical than horizontal
• Lumbar spine is in lordosis
• Anterior pelvic tilt

Question 13

Describe the Straight Leg Lifting Model

Answer 13

• Knees are slightly flexed
• Trunk may be positioned either vertically or horizontal
• Lumbar spine is in lordosis
• Anterior pelvic tilt

Question 14

Describe the “Golfers Lift” Model

Answer 14

• Face the object to be lifted
• Body weight is shifted onto the forward knee
• Non-weight bearing leg is extended

Question 15

Why should you use a crouched or semi-squat position to push or pull?

Answer 15

• lowers your COG nearer to the object’s COG which increases stability
• Reduces energy expenditure
• Improves control of the object

Question 16

Why should the force of the push or pull be parallel to the surface over which the object is being moved?

Answer 16

It reduces the effect of friction and moves the object in the proper direction

Question 17

Why is more force required to initiate movement?

Answer 17

Your COG and the object’s COG are opposing one another

Question 18

What is a helpgul rule to remember when reaching and carrying?

Answer 18

Maintain the patient or object’s COG close to you COG

Question 19

Why are posture and body control important?

Answer 19

• Injury Prevention
• Patient Education
• Develop a sense of individual responsibility for the proper care of your back

Question 20

5 Steps to Prepare for Lifting

Answer 20

• Prepare yourself physically and mentally to perform the activity
• Determine your options and the best method to move the object or transfer the patient
• Provide a clear path
• Determine need for assistance
• Provide clear and concise instructions to patient’s and assistants

Question 21

10 Commandments of Body Mechanics

Answer 21

1) Clue your patient
2) Size up your load…Get help if needed!
3) Check your footing
4) Move close to your load
5) Squat –bend hips and knees and keep back straight
6) Lift using thigh muscles!
7) Be smooth and synchronized
8) Turn – don’t twist – shift the position of your feet to turn
9) Don’t’ lift when you can push or pull the patient
10) Teach and Preach

Question 22

7 Things to Consider about Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication

Answer 22

• Introduce yourself
• Discuss your purpose and plan
• Use ‘lay’ language
• Be brief and concise when giving instructions during transfer or activity
• Consider tone, volume, and inflection
• NVC (non-verbal cues)
• Preserve patient modesty

Question 23

Postioning is important in prevent what 4 things?

Answer 23

1) Soft-tissue injury
2) Joint contracture
3) Nerve injury
4) Infection

Question 24

6 Precautions for Patient Positioning

Answer 24

• Avoid clothing or linen folds beneath patient
• Observe skin color before and after each treatment
• Protect bony prominences
• Position extremities within support surface
• Use additional caution when patients lack normal circulation and/or sensation
• Follow specific precautions as needed

Question 25

Why is draping important?

Answer 25

• Expose treatment area
• Maintain modesty
• Maintain warmth; or comfortable body temperature

Question 26

3 things to ALWAYS drape

Answer 26

• Chest
• Perineum
• Buttocks