Prenatal Lung Development Flashcards

1
Q

human lung epithelium is derived from which primary layer of an early embryo

A

endoderm

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2
Q

surrounding mesenchyme (provide support and structure to lung tissue) is derived from which primary layer of an early embryo

A

mesoderm

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3
Q

human lung development occurs through how many morphological stages

A

5

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4
Q

why do the 5 morphological stages of human lung development overlap in timing

A

because different stages happen in different lung regions at the same time

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5
Q

list the 5 morphological stages of human lung development

A
  • embryonic
  • pseudoglandular
  • canalicular
  • saccular
  • alveolar -
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6
Q

[5 stages of lung development] embryonic occurs in which weeks post conception

A

4-7 weeks pcw

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7
Q

[5 stages of lung development] psuedoglandular occurs in which weeks post conception

A

5-17 pcw

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8
Q

[5 stages of lung development] canalicular occurs in which weeks post conception

A

16-26 pcw

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9
Q

[5 stages of lung development] saccular occurs in which weeks post conception

A

26-36 pcw

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10
Q

[5 stages of lung development] alveolar occurs in which weeks post conception

A

36 pcw - 3 years post birth

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11
Q

[embryonic] the primary left and right lung buds appear from where towards the end of week _ after conception

A
  • foregut endoderm
  • week 4
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12
Q

[embryonic] the primary left and right lung buds ____ ________ to set up the overall lobular structure of the lung by end of week _

A
  • branch rapidly
  • week 5
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13
Q

[pseudoglandular] the lung continues to grow by

A

branching morphogenesis

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14
Q

[pseudoglandular] what is laid down and begins to differentiate with cartilage

A

the airway tree

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15
Q

[pseudoglandular] what muscle and what glands develop

A
  • smooth muscle
  • mucous glands
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16
Q

[pseudoglandular] foetal breathing movements begin by what weeks

A

10-11 weeks after conception

17
Q

[pseudoglandular] accumulation of lung liquid in foetal lungs is critical for what

A

lung growth

18
Q

[pseudoglandular] blood vessel development occurs concurrently with what

A

epithelial branching

19
Q

[pseudoglandular] airway epithelium begins to what

A

differentiate

20
Q

[canalicular] what happens to existing airways

A

grow in size

21
Q

the last stage of branching morphogenesis occurs during which development stage

A

canalicular

22
Q

[canalicular] describe the last stage of branching morphogenesis

A

3 more rounds of epithelial branching occur to produce future alveoli

23
Q

[pseudoglandular] describe the vessels location

A

run alongside airways but branch more slowly

24
Q

[canalicular] the future alveoli develop from what

A

the most distal epithelial tubes

25
[canalicular] what happens to the most distal epithalial tubes
- widen into airspaces - surrounding mesenchyme thins
26
[canalicular] during this stage of development, close proximity develops between what
capillary networks & regions of the distal epithelial tubes that will form airspaces
27
[saccular] is marked by the differentiation of what
alveolar epithelial cells
28
[saccular] what begins due to the differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells
production and secretion of surfactant by type II alveolar cells
29
[saccular] what happens to the distal airspaces
become thin-walled terminal saccules[s
30
[saccular] what is the location of the terminal saccules
cluster at the ends of the airways
31
[saccular] what happens to the terminal saccules
- increase further in size - become completely wrapped in a capillary bilayer
32
[alveolar] alveoli form within each ____
airway sac
33
[alveolar] how are distal saccules subdivided into alveoli
growth of septae from saccular walls