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HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY > PRELIMS01: LABORATORY > Flashcards

PRELIMS01: LABORATORY Flashcards

1
Q

Possesses highly organized structure that enables it to carry out its vital functions

A

CELL

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2
Q

2 types of cell

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

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3
Q

Has no nucleus

A

Prokaryotic Cell

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4
Q

Has nucleus

A

Eukaryotic Cell

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5
Q

Functions inside a cell

A

Organelles

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6
Q

Towards the back

A

Dorsal

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7
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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8
Q

Two types of ER

A

Rough and Smooth ER

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9
Q

Study of tissues

A

HISTOLOGY

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10
Q

All structures in one part of the body

A

REGIONAL

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11
Q

Only exist in plant cell

A

Chloroplast

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12
Q

Key in the processing and packaging of protein and lipids

A

Golgi Apparatus

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13
Q

Anatomy of the body studied by systems

A

SYSTEMATIC

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14
Q

Towards the front or belly

A

Ventral

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15
Q

Father of Microbiology

A

Antoine Van Leuuwenhoek

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16
Q

Also known as “revolving turret”

A

Nose piece

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17
Q

Known as the body and carries optical parts in the upper part of the microscope

A

Head

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18
Q

Also known as the “ocular”

A

Eyepiece

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19
Q

Specially modified compound microscope and uses mercury arch lamp as source of UV light

A

FLUORESCENE MICROSCOPE

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20
Q

Hooke devised the compound microscope and illumination system (1665) and the best microscope of his time

A

COMPOUND MICROSCOPE

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21
Q

Knobs that move the condenser up and down thus controlling the focus of light on the specimen

A

Condenser focus knobs

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22
Q

Controls how far the stages should go preventing the object lens from getting too close to the specimen slide and prevents specimen slide from coming to far up and hitting the objective lens

A

Rack stop

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23
Q

Study of cells

A

CYTOLOGY

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24
Q

Developmental changes of the body before birth

A

Embryology

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25
Q

Closer to the feet or lower than another structure in the body

A

Inferior

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26
Q

Study of structural changes caused by disease

A

PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY

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27
Q

Study of internal structures visualized by x-ray

A

RADIOGRAPHICAL ANATOMY

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28
Q

Study of anatomical structures at a sub-cellular level

A

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

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29
Q

Gel-like matric containing water, salt, proteins, and other molecules and occupies intracellular space between the cell membrane and the nucleus

A

CYTOPLASM

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30
Q

Works together to maintain cellular homeostasis and perform essential life activies

A

Structure and Basic Functions

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31
Q

Surrounds the cell in a selective barrier between interior and exterior

A

Cell membrane

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32
Q

Rigid cell wall, may have flagella

A

Animal cell

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33
Q

Composed of protein filaments and regulates cell shape

A

Cytoskeleton

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34
Q

Give the three protein filaments

A

Microtubules, Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments

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35
Q

Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlying skin

A

SURFACE

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36
Q

Used to view, magnify, and produce an image from a specimen placed on the side

A

OPTICAL PARTS

37
Q

Also known as the iris and found under the stage of the microscope. Its primary role is to control the amount of light that reaches the specimen

A

Diaphragm

38
Q

Image appears to be enlarged

A

Magnification

39
Q

Condenser specially designed for high-quality microscopes. allows condenser to be movable and allows very high magnification

A

Abbe Condenser

40
Q

A structure being more in back than another structure in the body

A

Posterior

41
Q

“Ana” means?

A

up

42
Q

“Tome” means?

A

cutting up

43
Q

Who invented a compound light microscope? a microscope one that uses two lenses

A

Zacharias Jansen

44
Q

Who further refined compound microscope adding such features as a stage to hold specimen, illuminator, and coarse and fine focus controls?

A

Robert Hooke

45
Q

Serves as defense mechanism against predators by containing toxins

A

Vacuoles

46
Q

Capture and distribute materials for degradation or their incorporation into metabolic pathways

A

Endosomes

47
Q

When was scientist, doctors, and artist would experiment and practice on the dead body?

A

300BC

48
Q

Dead bodies where people practice

A

Cadavers

49
Q

Specialized structures for movement and enable locomotion in liquid environments composed of microtubules in 9+2 pattern

A

Flagella and Cilia

50
Q

Manage nutrients, eliminate wastes, and regulate metabolic processes

A

Storage and Transportation

51
Q

Can have cell wall without differentiated tissues

A

Protists

52
Q

Give the 10 fundamental components of cell

A

Cell membrane, Cell nucleus, Ribosomes, Rough ER, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, Cytoplasm, Lysosomes and Peroxisomes, Centriole, and Microtubules

53
Q

Building and repairing cellular structure, regulating biological processes, and expressing specific characteristics of each organism

A

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

54
Q

Studded with ribosomes and involved in the synthesis and modification of protein

A

ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

55
Q

Specialized in lipid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and detoxification

A

SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

56
Q

Membranous vesicles that transport specific materials between organelles and cell membrane

A

VESICLES AND ENDOSOMES

57
Q

Built the first electron microscope that exceeded the resolution attainable with an optical (light) microscope

A

RUSKA (1937)

58
Q

Acts as a support and carries microscopic illuminators

A

Base

59
Q

Microscope that uses two polarizers. An optical microscope composed of detector, lenses, and polarizing filters

A

POLARIZED MICROSCOPE

60
Q

Technique for obtaining high resolution images of biological and non-biological specimens. Uses a beam of accelerated electrons as source of microscope

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

61
Q

Give the types of microscope

A

Light, Modified, Electron Microscope and etc

62
Q

Pioneered the scanning electron microscope

A

Manfred Von Ardenne (1937)

63
Q

Produced a transmission electron microscope (TEM) in 1939

A

SIEMENS (1939)

64
Q

A thing observed moving in a drop of rainwater in 1674

A

Animacules

65
Q

Study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

A

ANATOMY

66
Q

Houses DNA

A

Cell Nucleus

67
Q

For cellular functioning and survival and synthesize proteins using genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA), crucial dor cellular structure. Located in cytoplasm and ER.

A

Ribosomes

68
Q

Conversion of solar energy to chemical energy

A

Photosynthesis

69
Q

Breaking down molecules and unwanted materials

A

CELLULAR DIGESTION

70
Q

Contains enzymes that breakdown molecules and unwanted materials

A

Lysosomes

71
Q

Contain enzymes that degrade hydrogen peroxide and toxic compounds

A

Peroxisomes

72
Q

Shipping center of the cell

A

Golgi Apparatus

73
Q

Closer to the head or higher than another structure in the body

A

Superior

74
Q

A structure being further away from the root of the limb than another structure in the limb

A

Distal

75
Q

Divides into right and left portion

A

Sagittal Plane

76
Q

Who build and obtained images from a prototype electron microscope applying the concept described in Rudenberg’s patent

A

Enst Lubcke & Hiaske

77
Q

A structure being closer to the core of the body

A

Deep

78
Q

A structure being farther away from the middle than another structure of body

A

Lateral

79
Q

Produce high contrast images when using a transparent specimen

A

Phase-Contrast

80
Q

Magnification power

A

10x - 100x

80
Q

A hole on microscope stage through which the transmitted light from the source reaches the stage

A

Aperture

81
Q

Who added the substage condenser and developed superior lenses that greatly reduced chromatic and spherical aberration

A

Carl Zeiss & Ernst Abbe

82
Q

Superior/Inferior

A

Transverse Plane

83
Q

Found in sperm/sperm modility

A

Flagella

84
Q

Shorter and more numerous than flagella

A

Cilia

85
Q

Chitin cell wall, they are heterotrophs

A

Fungal

86
Q

Dividing into qual right and left halves

A

Midsagittal or Median

87
Q

Anterior/Posterior

A

Frontal/Coronal Plane

HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (4 decks)

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