Prelims Quiz 2

Question 1

sac like herniation of the
linino of the bowel that extends through a
defect in the muscle layer.

Answer 1

diverticulum

Question 2

may occur anywhere in the small
intestine or colon but most commonly accur
in the SIGMOID COLON

Answer 2

Diverticula

Question 3

exists when multiple diverticula
are present without inflammation or symptoms,
It is most common in people older than 80
years.

Answer 3

Diverticulosis

Question 4

is considered a major predisposing factor ( DIVERTICULUM)

Answer 4

low intake of dietary fiber

Question 5

results when food and bacteria
retained in the diverticulum produce infection
and inflammation that can impede draining
and lead to perforation or abscess.
It may occur in acure attacks or persist as a
chronic, smoldering infection.

Answer 5

Diverticulitis

Question 6

_________ is likely when the disorder is present in those younger than 40
years.

Answer 6

congenital predisposition

Question 7

is a major risk factor for diverticulitis

Answer 7

Obesity

Question 8

Symptoms include (DIVERTICULITIS)

Answer 8

fever, chills, nauseg, and abdominal pain

Question 9

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS,
Diverticulosis; not so problematic symptoms are noted:

Answer 9

• Chronic constipation
• Bowel irregularity with intervals of diantea,
  nausea and anorexia, and bloating or
  abdominal distention.
• Cramps, narrow stools, and increased
  constipation or at times intestinal obstruction.

-Weakness, fatigue, and anoreria.

Question 10

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

Diverticulitis

Answer 10

Acute onset of mild to severe pain in the
left lower quadrant

Nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and leukocytosis

If untreated, peritonitis and septicemia

Question 11

Diverticulitis: DIAGNOSTIC FINDINGS

Answer 11

• Colonoscopy and possiby barium enema
studies
• Chronic constipation
•CT scan with contrast agent
• Abdominal X-fay

Question 12

Diverticulitis : Laboratory Test

Answer 12

CBC
clevated WBC
elevaled en throc, te sedimentation rall
(ESR)

Question 13

Diverticulitis: COMPLICATIONS

Answer 13

abscess
fistula (abnoral Pact) formation,
Obstruction ,
perforation,
peritonitis,
hemorrhage

Question 14

are also a structural disease, They are splits or cracks in the lining elyaat
anal opening.

Answer 14

ANAL FISSURES

Question 15

Anal fissures: Treatment

Answer 15

• pain medicine, dietary fiber to reduce the occurrence of large, bully stools
• Sitz baths
  © surgical repair of the sphincter musde

Question 16

is one of the most paini problems
because the exposed muscles become irritated from exposure to stool or air, and leads to
intense burin pain, bleeding, or spasmafter bonslmousthants.

Answer 16

anal fissure

Question 17

exposes the underlying muscles that control the passage of stoclthrough the anus and out of the body,

Answer 17

The crack in the anal lining

Question 18

The most common cause of an anal fissure is…

Answer 18

the passage cl very hard or
watery stools.

Question 19

a structural disease - often follows drainage of an abscess and is an abnormal tube like passageway from theanal canal to hole in the opening of youranus,

Answer 19

ANAL FISTULA

Question 20

Body wastes traveling through y our anal canal are diverted through this tin, channel and
out through the skin, causing

Answer 20

itching and irritation,

Question 21

Fistulas also cause_____, ______,______ They rarely heal by there

Answer 21

drainage, pain and bleeding.

Question 22

SURGICAL TREATMENT: ANAL FISTULA

Answer 22

• to drain the abscess

“close off” the fistula

Question 23

it can occur whenthetinyanalplandsthat open on the inside of your anus

Answer 23

PERIANAL ABSCESSES

Question 24

become blocked, and the bacteria always present in these glands causes ______,
When pus develops, an_____ forms,

Answer 24

Infection ,

Abscess forms

Question 25

PERIANAL ABSCESSES
Treatment includes_______

Answer 25

draining the abscess, under local anesthesia,

Question 26

are dilated veins in the anal canal, structural disease.

Answer 26

Hemorrhoids

Question 27

They are swolen
blood vessels that line your anal opening

Answer 27

Hemorrhoids

Question 28

Causes of Hemorrhoids

Answer 28

They are caused by chronic excess
pressure from stralning during a bowel movement, persistent diarrhea, or
pregnancy,

Question 29

2 types of hemorrhoids

Answer 29

Internal and External

Question 30

Removal of hemorrhoids

Answer 30

hemorrhoidectomy

Question 31

Generic name of dulcolax

Answer 31

Bisacodyl

Question 32

dilated veins in the anal canal, structural disease: They’re swollen
blood vessels that line your anal opening, They are caused by chronic excess
pressure from straining during a bowel movement, persistent diarthea, or
pregnancy.

Answer 32

Hemorrhoids

Question 33

blood vessels
on the inside of your anal opening.

Answer 33

Internal hemorrhoids

Question 34

Internal hemorrhoids are blood vessels
on the inside of your anal opening (LOCATION)

Answer 34

Above the internalsphincter.

Question 35

When they fall down into the anus as a result
of straining, they become___________.

Answer 35

irritated and start to bleed

Question 36

Ultimately, internal
hemorrhoids can fall down enough to
________out of the anus.

Answer 36

prolapse (sink or stick)

Question 37

Position of Colonoscopy

Answer 37

Left Sim’s position

Question 38

are veins that
lie just under the skin on the outside
of the anus

Answer 38

Exteral hemorrholds

Question 39

Location of Exteral hemorrholds

Answer 39

Outside theexternal
sphincter,

Question 40

Sometimes, after
straining, the external he morrhoidal
veins burst and a blood clots form
under the skin. This very painful
condition is also called a __________

Answer 40

Pile

Question 41

Position of hemmorhoidectomy

Answer 41

prone jackknife position

Question 42

Other name of Jack knife position

Answer 42

Kraske Position

Question 43

Doppler guided hemorrhoids artery ligation

Answer 43

HAL- RAR