Prelims Quiz 2 Flashcards
sac like herniation of the
linino of the bowel that extends through a
defect in the muscle layer.
diverticulum
may occur anywhere in the small
intestine or colon but most commonly accur
in the SIGMOID COLON
Diverticula
exists when multiple diverticula
are present without inflammation or symptoms,
It is most common in people older than 80
years.
Diverticulosis
is considered a major predisposing factor ( DIVERTICULUM)
low intake of dietary fiber
results when food and bacteria
retained in the diverticulum produce infection
and inflammation that can impede draining
and lead to perforation or abscess.
It may occur in acure attacks or persist as a
chronic, smoldering infection.
Diverticulitis
_________ is likely when the disorder is present in those younger than 40
years.
congenital predisposition
is a major risk factor for diverticulitis
Obesity
Symptoms include (DIVERTICULITIS)
fever, chills, nauseg, and abdominal pain
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS,
Diverticulosis; not so problematic symptoms are noted:
- Chronic constipation
- Bowel irregularity with intervals of diantea,
nausea and anorexia, and bloating or
abdominal distention. - Cramps, narrow stools, and increased
constipation or at times intestinal obstruction.
-Weakness, fatigue, and anoreria.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Diverticulitis
Acute onset of mild to severe pain in the
left lower quadrant
Nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and leukocytosis
If untreated, peritonitis and septicemia
Diverticulitis: DIAGNOSTIC FINDINGS
• Colonoscopy and possiby barium enema
studies
• Chronic constipation
•CT scan with contrast agent
• Abdominal X-fay
Diverticulitis : Laboratory Test
CBC
clevated WBC
elevaled en throc, te sedimentation rall
(ESR)
Diverticulitis: COMPLICATIONS
abscess
fistula (abnoral Pact) formation,
Obstruction ,
perforation,
peritonitis,
hemorrhage
are also a structural disease, They are splits or cracks in the lining elyaat
anal opening.
ANAL FISSURES
Anal fissures: Treatment
- pain medicine, dietary fiber to reduce the occurrence of large, bully stools
- Sitz baths
© surgical repair of the sphincter musde
is one of the most paini problems
because the exposed muscles become irritated from exposure to stool or air, and leads to
intense burin pain, bleeding, or spasmafter bonslmousthants.
anal fissure
exposes the underlying muscles that control the passage of stoclthrough the anus and out of the body,
The crack in the anal lining
The most common cause of an anal fissure is…
the passage cl very hard or
watery stools.
a structural disease - often follows drainage of an abscess and is an abnormal tube like passageway from theanal canal to hole in the opening of youranus,
ANAL FISTULA
Body wastes traveling through y our anal canal are diverted through this tin, channel and
out through the skin, causing
itching and irritation,
Fistulas also cause_____, ______,______ They rarely heal by there
drainage, pain and bleeding.
SURGICAL TREATMENT: ANAL FISTULA
- to drain the abscess
“close off” the fistula
it can occur whenthetinyanalplandsthat open on the inside of your anus
PERIANAL ABSCESSES
become blocked, and the bacteria always present in these glands causes ______,
When pus develops, an_____ forms,
Infection ,
Abscess forms
