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contrast > prelim pt 2 > Flashcards

prelim pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

abnormal concentration of mineral salts

A

calculus

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2
Q

inflammation of the epiglottis

A

epiglottitis

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3
Q

abnormal connection bet. Two internal organs

A

fistula

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4
Q

condition preventing the passage of saliva through duct

A

Salivary Duct Obstruction

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5
Q

narrowing or contraction of a passage

A

stenosis

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6
Q

new tissue growth where cell proliferation is uncontrolled

A

tumor

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7
Q

Pouches that form on the inner wall of the intestine

A

diverticulae

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8
Q

autoimmune that affects body’s exocrine gland (esp. salivary & lacrimal) dryness of mouth & eyes

A

Sjogren’s Disease

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9
Q
  • Fill the mouth with air
  • Puff the cheeks out as much as possible
  • Purpose: to increase the visibility of salivary calculi
A

Iglauer Maneuver

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10
Q
  • used a positive contrast technique
  • investigate suspected tumors of the soft palate.
A

Bloch and Quantrill

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11
Q

o have patient swallow a small amount of thick, creamy BaSO4 suspension
o to coat inferior surface of soft palate & uvula.

A

1st Palatogram:

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12
Q

o Obtain a second lateral image after 0.5 ml of the creamy barium suspension is injected into each
nasal cavity
o to coat the superior surface of the soft palate and the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.

A

2nd Palatogram

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13
Q
  • evaluate abnormalities of chewing & swallowing function in children using cineradiography as child chews barium impregnated chocolate fudge
A

Morgan et al Technique

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14
Q
  • performed to assess the extent of nasopharyngeal tumors.
A

Positive-contrast nasopharyngography

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15
Q
  • Described an opaque contrast nasopharyngographic procedure in which the patient is not required to keep the neck in an uncomfortable extended position for the entire examination.
A

CHITTINAND, PATHEJA, & WISENBURG TECHNIQUE

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16
Q

act of swallowing performed by the rapid and highly coordinated action of many muscles

A

deglutition

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17
Q

consists of tying a dark-colored shoestring (metal tips removed) snugly around the patient’s throat above the thyroid cartilage

A

gunson method

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18
Q

provide considerable information about alterations in the normal anatomy and function of laryngopharyngeal structures

A

negative contrast studies

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19
Q
  • tests abduction of the vocal cord
  • show the cords open (abducted), with an uninterrupted column of air extending from the laryngeal vestibule inferiorly into the trachea
A

quiet inspiration

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20
Q
  • patient is asked to take a deep breath and, while exhaling slowly, to phonate either a high-pitched e-ee or a low-pitched a-a-h.
  • show the closed (adducted) vocal cords just above the break in the air column at the closed rima glottidis
  • phonation
A

normal (expiratory) phonation

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21
Q
  • Powers, Holtz, and Ogural introduced the use of inspiratory phonation for demonstration of the laryngeal ventricle.
  • AKA “reverse phonation” and “aspirate or aspirant maneuver.”
  • patient is asked to exhale completely then to inhale slowly while making a harsh, stridulous sound with the phonation of e or another high-pitched sound.
  • test adducts the vocal cords, moves them inferiorly, and balloons the ventricle for clear delineation
A

inspiratory phonation

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22
Q
  • tests the elasticity and functional integrity of the glottis
  • patient is asked to take a deep breath and to hold the breath in while bearing down as if trying to move the bowels
  • forces the breath against the closed glottis, which increases both intrathoracic and intraabdominal pressure.
A

valsalva’s manuever

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23
Q
  • tests the elasticity of the laryngeal pharynx (hypopharynx) and the
    piriform recesses.
  • show the glottis closed and the laryngeal pharynx and piriform recesses distended with air
  • pinches the nostrils together with the thumb and forefinger of one hand
  • Keeping the mouth closed, the patient makes and sustains a slight effort to blow the nose.
  • Alternatively, the patient can blow the cheeks outward against the closed nostrils and mouth as if blowing into a horn or balloon
A

modified valsalva’s manuever

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24
Q
  • Performed to determine the exact site, size, and extent of tumor masses.
  • Done under fluoroscopy with patient under mild sedative
A

positive contrast studies

25
Q

–dry the mucous membrane; immediate contact of topical anesthesia; better & more uniform
adherence of CM

A

atropine

26
Q

Enlargement of thyroid gland, results in swelling

A

goiter

27
Q

a portion of the gland may protrude into the superior thoracic cavity behind the sternum

A
  • Intrathoracic, Retrosternal, or Substernal goiter
28
Q
  • obtain oblique studies of the neck
A

nodular enlargment

29
Q
  • Used to demonstrate the thyroid gland & cervical lymph nodes
A

MATOBA & KIKUCHI (Lymphographic Technique)

30
Q

low viscosity, high density barium

A

double contrast

31
Q

strictures

A

thin barium sulfate

32
Q

intraluminal lesions

A

thick barium sulfate

33
Q

weight/volume suspension is useful for full-column single contrast technique.

A

30 to 50

34
Q

– enlarged tortuous veins of lower esophagus

A

esophageal varices

35
Q

failure of smooth muscle of alimentary tract to relax

A

achalasia

36
Q

relaxation of cardiac sphincter of esophagus

A

chalasia

37
Q

protrusion of stomach through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

A

hiatal hernia

38
Q

peptic ulcer of the lower esophagus, often with stricture

A

barriett’s esophagus

39
Q

demonstration of vocal cords & for cleft palate studies

A

phonation of vowel sounds

40
Q

– distend subglottic larynx & trachea w/ air

A

Valsalva maneuver

41
Q

distend supraglottic larynx & hypopharynx w/ air

A

Modified Valsalva maneuver

42
Q
  • demonstrate the esophagogastric junction
  • Patients swallow a mouthful of water through straw under fluoroscopy
A

water test

43
Q

Demonstrate relationship between heart & esophagus

A

cardiac esophagogram

44
Q
  • Examination of the nasolacrimal drainage system.
  • performed by filling the lumina of the canals with a radiopaque medium.
A

DACRYOCYSTOGRAPHY

45
Q

watering of the eyes due to excessive secretion of tears

A

epiphora

46
Q
  • examination of the salivary glands and ducts
  • Parotid, Submandibular, Sublingual
A

sialography

47
Q
  • performed to assess the extent of nasopharyngeal tumors.
A

Positive-contrast nasopharyngography

48
Q

dry the mucous membrane; immediate contact of topical anesthesia; better & more uniform adherence of CM

A

atropine

49
Q
  • Radiographic examination of the esophagus
  • May be examined by performing a full-column, single contrast or double contrast procedure
  • No preliminary preparation
A

esophagography

50
Q

study possible regurgitation into the esophagus

A

toe-tocuh manuever

51
Q

dakryon

A

tear

52
Q

Localized dilatation of the abdominal aorta

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)

53
Q

Inflammation of the appendix

A

appendicitis

54
Q

Blockage of the bowel lumen

A

bowel obstruction

55
Q

Failure of bowel peristalsis

A

ileus

56
Q

presence of air in the peritoneal cavity

A

pneumoperitoneum

57
Q

Recurrent disorder causing inflammatory ulceration in the colon

A

ulecrative colitis

58
Q

never administered to ill patients who are acutely ill or have a condition such as visceral rupture or intestinal obstruction or perforation.

A

preliminary preparation

59
Q
A

contrast (4 decks)

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