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Community Health Nursing 2 (113) > PRELIM LAB > Flashcards

PRELIM LAB Flashcards

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1
Q

Developed in the 50’s by the U.S. Public Health Service at 1958

A

health belief model

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2
Q

7 components of the health belief model

A

Perceived Susceptibility
Perceived Severity
Perceived Benefits
Perceived Barriers
Cues to Action
Self-Efficacy
Limitations

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3
Q

Refers to the subjective assessment of the severity of a health problem and its potential consequences.

A

perceived severity

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4
Q

Refer an individual’s assessment of the value or efficacy of engaging in a health-promoting behavior to decrease risk of disease.

A

perceived benefits

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5
Q

Refers to an individual’s assessment of the obstacles to behavior change.

A

perceived barriers

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6
Q

Demographic variables include age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education, among others.

A

modifying variables

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7
Q

can be internal or external.
Physiological

A

Cues to actionq

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8
Q

Refers to an individual’s perception of his or her competence to successfully perform a behavior. Engagement in health-related behaviors.

A

self-efficacy

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9
Q

It places the burden of action exclusively on the client.

A

limitations

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10
Q

Improving and protecting the health of the people have always been a priority for healthcare workers and policy makers.

A

nursing theory nola pender and the health promotion model

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11
Q

Health promotion

A

Behavior motivated
Desire to increase well-being
Approach to wellness

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12
Q

Health Protection/Disease

A

Prevention
Behavior motivated
Desire to avoid illness
Early detection
Maintain function if illness exists

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13
Q

Health Promotion Model Breakdown
Three focus areas

A
  1. Individual experiences
  2. Behavior-specific knowledge and affect.
  3. Behavioral outcomes
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14
Q

Five key sections

A
  1. Person
  2. Environment
  3. Nursing
  4. Health
  5. Illness
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15
Q

Manifested by prior behavior
Seeks to identify past behavior to assess possibility of change

A

Individual Characteristics & Experiences

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16
Q

Perceived benefits/barriers of action
Considers influences

A

Behavior Specific Cognitions & Affect

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17
Q

Demands and preferences
Nurse empowers patient
Health promoting behaviors begin

A

Behavioral Outcome Commitment to plan of action

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18
Q

Focus on well-being before illness/disease exists/Prevention focused
Individual or community geared

A

Relevance of Health Promotion Theory

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19
Q

Use of the model relies on both Nurse & patient (also a limitation)
HPM has been used since 1980’s
Can be used in almost any practice

A

Future Incorporation to Nursing Practice

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20
Q

A framework for prevention that includes concepts of community oriented population focused care.

A

milio’s framework for prevention

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21
Q

It provides a comprehensive structure for assessing health and quality of life needs, and for designing, implementing, and evaluating health promotion and other public health programs to meet those needs.

A

precede-proceed model

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22
Q

PRECEDE

A

First is an “educational diagnosis”

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23
Q

PRECEDE

A

First is an “educational diagnosis”

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24
Q

“ecological diagnosis”

A

PROCEED

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25
Q

PRECEDE
components

A

Predisposing
Reinforcing and
Enabling
Constructs in
Educational
Diagnosis and
Evaluation

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26
Q

The models is multidimensional and is founded in the social/behavioral sciences, epidemiology, administration, and education

A

“ecological diagnosis”
PROCEED

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27
Q

The PRECEDE framework was first developed and introduced in the

A

1970s.

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28
Q

based on the premise that, just as a medical diagnosis precedes a treatment plan, an educational diagnosis

A

PRECEDE

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29
Q

PROCEED was added to the framework in consideration of the growing recognition of the expansion of health education to encompass policy, regulatory and related ecological/environmental factors

WHEN

A

1991

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30
Q

first stage in the program planning phase deals with identifying and evaluating the social problems that have an impact on the quality of life of a population of interest.

A

PHASE 1-SOCIAL diagnosis

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31
Q

helps determine health issues associated with the quality of life.

A

PHASE 2-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS

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32
Q

This is the analysis of behavioral links to the goals or problems that are identified in the social or epidemiological diagnosis.

A

Phase 3 - BEHAVIORAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSIS BEHAVIORAL DIAGNOSIS

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33
Q

parallel analysis of social and physical environmental factors other than specific actions that could be linked to behaviors

A

ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSIS

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34
Q

include knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, personal preferences, existing skills, and self-efficacy towards the desired behavior change.

A

Predisposing factors

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35
Q

include factors that reward or reinforce the desired behavior change, including social support, economic rewards, and changing social norms.

A

Reinforcing factors

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36
Q

skills or physical factors such as availability and accessibility of resources, or services that facilitate achievement of motivation to

A

Enabling factors

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37
Q

work on selecting factors that if modified will be most likely to result in behavior change, and can sustain this change process.

A

Phase 4 - EDUCATIONAL DIAGNOSIS

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38
Q

This phase focuses on the administrative and organizational concerns, which must be addressed prior to program implementation.

A

Phase 5 - ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLICY DIAGNOSIS

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39
Q

assess policies, resources, circumstances, prevailing organizational situations that could hinder or facilitate the development of the health program.

A

Administrative Diagnosis

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40
Q

assesses the compatibility of the program goals and objectives with those of the organization and its administration.

A

Policy Diagnosis

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41
Q

It is used to evaluate the process by which the program is being implemented.

A

Phase 7 – PROCESS EVALUATION

42
Q

measures the effectiveness of the program with regards to the intermediate objectives as well as the changes in predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors.

A

Phase 8 – Impact Evaluation

43
Q

measures change in terms of overall objectives and changes in health and social benefits or the quality of life.

A

Phase 9-OUTCOME EVALUATION

44
Q

model is a participatory model for creating successful community health promotion and other public health interventions.

A

Conclusion
PRECEDE-PROCEED

45
Q

is a health savings scheme whereby a participant may withdraw benefits that are equivalent to what s/he has paid in advance. In low-income countries, both types of schemes are being sponsored by governments and non-governmental organizations.

A

Prepayment

46
Q

Describe the breadth and inclusions of CH Nurse practice.

A

The Public Health Intervention Wheel

47
Q

Describe and monitors health events through ongoing systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health data for the purpose of planning, implementing, and evaluating public health interventions.

A

SURVEILLANCE

48
Q

Systematically gathers and analyzes data regarding threats to the health of populations, ascertains the source of the threat, identifies cases and others at risk, and determines control measures.

A

Disease and other health event investigation

49
Q

Locates populations of interest or populations at risk and provides information about the nature of the concern, what can be done about it and how services can be obtained.

A

Outreach

50
Q

Oldentifies individuals with unrecognized health risk factors or asymptomatic disease conditions.

A

Screening

51
Q

Located individuals and families with identified risk factors and connects them with resources.

A

Case Finding

52
Q

Optimizes self-care capabilities of individuals and families and the capacity of systems and communities to coordinate and provide services

A

Case Management

53
Q

Carries out direct care tasks under the authority of a health care practitioner as allowed by law.

A

Delegated Functions (System-focused)

54
Q

Communicates facts, ideas, and skills that change knowledge, attitudes, values, beliefs, behaviors, and practices of individuals, families, systems and/or communities.

A

Health Teaching

55
Q

Establishes an interpersonal relationship with a community, a system, and a family or individual, with the intention of increasing or enhancing their capacity for self-care and coping.

A

Counselling

56
Q

Seeks information and generates optional solutions to perceived problems or issues through interactive problem solving with a community system and family or individual.

A

Consultation

57
Q

Commits two or more persons or organizations to achieve a common goal by enhancing the capacity of one or more of the members to promote and protect health.
System-based

A

Collaboration

58
Q

Promotes and develops alliances among organizations or constituencies for a common purpose.

A

Coalition Building

59
Q

CITY HEALTH OFFICE 1 Loc

A

Good morning subd, Zone 1 brgy Sto Domingo City of Binan Laguna

60
Q

Total population of Binan

A

187, 150

61
Q

Total number of households in binan

A

48,876

62
Q

City health officer

A

Mirabelle M. Benjamin

63
Q

Organizational Chart of CHO

A

mayor-CH officer- Doctors- Public health nurses

64
Q

Includes surveillance, observation, hypothesis testing, analytic research, and experiments

A

Study

65
Q

Distribution

A

Refers to analysis by time, places, and classes of people affected

66
Q

Determinants

A

Include all the biological, chemical, physical, social, cultural, economic, genetic, and behavioral factors that influence health

67
Q

Health-related states or events

A

Refer to diseases, causes of death, behaviors such as the use of tobacco, positive health states, reactions to preventive regimens and provision and use of health services

68
Q

Prevalence, incidence

A

Health status indicators
(morbidity)

69
Q

Crude and specific death rates, maternal mortality, infant mortality. Neonatal mortality, post-neonatal mortality, child mortality, proportionate mortality, case fatality, life expectancy at birth, disability-adjusted life years(DALY’s) lost.

A

Health status indicators
(mortality)

70
Q

Age-sex structure of the population, population density, migration, population growth indicators(crude birth

A

Population indicators

71
Q

Access to health programs and facilities, availability of health resources(facilities, health manpower, finances)

A

Indicators for the provision of health care

72
Q

Cases consulting a health provider(%), infants exclusively breast-fed for the first 6 months(%), children fully vaccinated (%), people using treated bednets(%)

A

Risk reduction indicators

73
Q

Level and distribution of economic wealth, types and levels of employment, school enrollment and adult literacy, availability of housing, number of persons per room, availability and distribution of food supplies

A

Social and economic indicators

74
Q

Quantity of suspended particulate matter(SO2,CO2, hydrocarbons, oxidants), potability of drinking water(turbidity, coliform counts, inorganic and organic chemicals, contamination of surface water with sewage and industrial wastes)

A

Environmental indicators

75
Q

DALYs, indicators of restricted activity(bed-disability days, work lossdays), indicators of longterm disability(chronic activity limitation, chronic mobility limitation)

A

Disability indicators

76
Q

Allocation of manpower and financial resources, mechanisms for community participation, collaboration between government and nongovernment organizations, equity in the distribution of resources among special target groups(elderly, urban poor, migrants); availability of a public policy statement and health plan

A

Health policy indicators

77
Q

Explicated that disease could be associated with climate and the physical environment.

A

Hippocrates:

78
Q

Used census and vital registration data to describe the mortality patterns in population subgroups such as occupational groups, prisoners, and various age groups

A

William Far

79
Q

Snow’s investigation of?

A

the cholera epidemic in London in 1854

80
Q

Identified the risk factors for coronary heart disease

A

Framingham Heart Study:

81
Q

5 POPULATION INDICATOR (POPULATION GROWTH)

CGTAM

A

Crude birth rate
General fertility rate
Total fertility rate
Annual growth rate
Migration (population dynamics)

82
Q

refers to the progress of a disease process in an individual over time, in the absence of intervention.

A

Natural History of Disease/ Prevention and Control of Diseases

83
Q

Without medical intervention, the process ends with – recovery , – disability, – or death

A

Natural history of disease

84
Q

describe a situation in which a large percentage of a problem is subclinical,

A

iceberg phenomenon

85
Q

“tip of the iceberg” is apparent to the

A

epidemiologist.

86
Q

Proposed by Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur.

A

germ theory of disease

87
Q

one of the traditional models for depicting disease causation, but is by far the simplest of them all.

A

Epidemiological Triad

88
Q

element or substance, animate or inanimate, the presence (or absence) of which may initiate or perpetuate a disease process

A

Agent

89
Q

“soil” and the disease agent as “seed”.

A

Host

90
Q

habitual presence of a disease within a given geographic area.

A

Endemic:

91
Q

A persistently high level of occurrence.

A

Hyperendemic

92
Q

an irregular pattern of occurrence, with occasional cases occurring at irregular intervals

A

Sporadic

93
Q

occurrence in a community or region of a group of illnesses of similar nature, clearly in excess of normal expectancy and derived from a common or from a propagated source.

A

Epidemic:

94
Q

his concept postulates that human disease and its consequences are caused by a complex interplay of nine different factors

A

The “BEINGS” Model of Disease Causation

95
Q

was very effectively used by Leavel and Clark in explaining the natural history of disease and levels of preventio

A

“epidemiological triad theory”

96
Q

is the comparative role of “genetic” and the “environmental” (i.e. extrinsic factors outside the host) factors in causation of disease.

A

Wheel theory

97
Q

Prevention of the emergence or development of risk factors.

A

Primordial prevention

98
Q

Measures of prevention undertaken during the phase of prepathogenesis (phase of susceptibility)

A

Primary prevention

99
Q

These include all actions undertaken at the stage of early pathogenesis (asymptomatic disease) with a view to halt the progress of disease at it’s earliest, incipient stage, by “early diagnosis and prompt treatment”.

A

secondary prevention

100
Q

include all measures undertaken when the disease has become clinically manifest or advanced, with a view to prevent or delay death, reduce or limit the impairments and disabilities,

A

tertiary prevention

101
Q

Tertiary prevention has two types of approaches:

A

disability limitation
rehabilitation

Community Health Nursing 2 (113) (6 decks)

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