PRELIM 03 - Amino Acids

Question 1

Are the building blocks of proteins; are organic molecules containing both carboxyl acid and amino functional groups

Answer 1

Amino acids

Question 2

Are amino acids capable of being converted to glucose/sugar

Answer 2

Glucogenic amino acid

Question 3

Are amino acids capable of being converted to ketone

Answer 3

Ketogenic amino acid

Question 4

2 examples of ketogenic amino acid

Answer 4

Lysine, Leucine

Question 5

The process of changing/deviating from the native conformation of proteins

Answer 5

Denaturation

Question 6

3 examples of denaturing agents

Answer 6

Heat, Extreme pH, Mercaptoethanol

Question 7

Constitutes 70% of the organic matter of a cell; are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

Answer 7

Proteins

Question 8

2 types of proteins based on shape

Answer 8

Globular, Fibrous

Question 9

Are globule shaped proteins

Answer 9

Globular proteins

Question 10

Are proteins that are large and fibrous in nature

Answer 10

Fibrous proteins

Question 11

Is a structural protein; made up of 2 AA

Answer 11

Collagen

Question 12

Is a protein that makes up blood vessels

Answer 12

Elastin

Question 13

Are storage proteins; found in muscles

Answer 13

Myoglobin

Question 14

Are transport proteins; carries oxygen in the blood

Answer 14

Hemoglobin

Question 15

2 hormones that controls blood sugar

Answer 15

Insulin, Glucagon

Question 16

Other name for antibodies

Answer 16

Immunoglobulins

Question 17

Done by polarity, by charge, and by size

Answer 17

Isolation/Sequencing

Question 18

Technique for separating the components or solutes of a mixture on the basis of the relative amounts of each solute distributed between the mobile phase and contiguous stationary phase

Answer 18

Chromatography

Question 19

A phase in chromatography that consists of a moving fluid stream

Answer 19

Mobile phase

Question 20

The mobile phase may either be a __________ or __________

Answer 20

Liquid, Gas

Question 21

The stationary phase may either be a __________ or __________

Answer 21

Solid, Liquid

Question 22

Mobile phase in normal chromatography (Polar or nonpolar)

Answer 22

Nonpolar

Question 23

Stationary phase in normal chromatography (Polar or nonpolar)

Answer 23

Polar

Question 24

Mobile phase in reverse chromatography (Polar or nonpolar)

Answer 24

Polar

Question 25

Stationary phase in reverse chromatography (Polar or nonpolar)

Answer 25

Nonpolar

Question 26

Protein made by the liver; keeps fluid from leaking out of blood vessels

Answer 26

Albumin

Question 27

2 diseases related to albumin deficiency

Answer 27

Severe liver disease; Kidney disease

Question 28

Is a family of proteins found in grains like wheat, rye, spelt, and barley

Answer 28

Gluten

Question 29

2 main proteins found in gluten

Answer 29

Glutenin, Gliadin

Question 30

Most severe form of gluten intolerance

Answer 30

Celiac disease

Question 31

Positive result for starch with iodine solution

Answer 31

Violet/purple solution

Question 32

Protein dominant in muscles

Answer 32

Myoglobin

Question 33

Protein dominant in blood

Answer 33

Hemoglobin

Question 34

Myoglobin can be isolated by using __________ precipitation

Answer 34

Ammonium sulfate precipitation

Question 35

Test used to detect presence of peptide bonds

Answer 35

Biuret test

Question 36

Test used for α-amino acid

Answer 36

Ninhydrin test

Question 37

Test that detects presence of aromatic side chains

Answer 37

Xantoproteic test

Question 38

Test that detects amino acids that contains phenol group

Answer 38

Millon’s test

Question 39

Test that detects the presence of indole rings

Answer 39

Hopkins-Cole test

Question 40

Test that detects the presence of arginine

Answer 40

Sakaguchi test

Question 41

Test used to find sulfur containing amino acids

Answer 41

Nitroprusside test

Question 42

Test used to detect tyrosine or histidine

Answer 42

Pauly test

Question 43

A common technique used to identify compounds and determine purities

Answer 43

Thin layer chromatography

Question 44

Is a phase that contains a special finely ground matrix (silica gel, alumina) that is coated on a glass plate /metal/plastic film as a thin layer

Answer 44

Stationary phase