PreLab Lecture 1

Question 1

What is the os coxa composed of?

Answer 1

Ischium, iilum + pubis

Question 2

How many of each vertebrae?

Answer 2

Cervical (7)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacral (5)
Coccyx (3-5)

Question 3

What are the boundaries of the IV foramen?

Answer 3

Superior - Pedicle
Inferior- Pedicle
Anterior- Body + disc
Posterior- facet joints

Question 4

How to ID cervical/thoracic/lumbar?

Answer 4

Cervical has a V at the end of spinosus process (legs)

Thoracic has COSTAL facet (ribs)

Lumbar-> mammillary process

Question 5

What level is the scapular spine?

Answer 5

T3 spinosus process

Question 6

What level is the iliac crest?

Answer 6

L4 spinous process

Question 7

What is inferior border of the scapula level?

Answer 7

T7 spinosus process

Question 8

What level is the spinous process?

Answer 8

C7

Question 9

What level is the posterior superior iliac spine?

Answer 9

S2 spinous process

Question 10

What kind of joints are the intervertebral?

Answer 10

Discs + vertebral bodies

Cartilaginous joints

Question 11

What kind of joints are the zygapophyseal or facet joints

Answer 11

synovial plane joints

Question 12

Where are there no intervertebral discs?

Answer 12

between skull + c1

C1+ C2

Question 13

What are intervertebral discs reinforced by?

Answer 13

Anterior + posterior longitudinal ligaments

Question 14

What is the composition of a a disc?

Answer 14

Outer ANNULUS FIBROSUS (OAF)

Inner NUCLEUS PULPOSUS (INP)

Question 15

What ligament covers the anterior vertebral body?

Answer 15

Anterior longitudinal ligament

Question 16

What ligament covers he posterior vertebral body?

Answer 16

Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 17

What emerges from the IV foramen?

Answer 17

Spinal nerve

Question 18

What does the supraspinous ligament cover?

Answer 18

The spinous processes tips

Question 19

What doe the interspinous ligaments cover?

Answer 19

The lower edges of the spinous process to the upper ledge of the other

Question 20

What is ligament flavum?

Answer 20

Between adjacent laminae

Question 21

What are facet joints called?

Answer 21

zygapophyseal

Question 22

What are the layers of the spinal cord from exterior to interior?

Answer 22

Dura -> Arachnoid -> PIa

Question 23

*TAG

What are denticulate ligaments?

Answer 23

Extensions of pia anchored into dura

Question 24

What limit does the spinal cord stop at? What is it called?

Answer 24

L2; conus medullar is

Question 25

What limit does dural sac (mater) stop at?

Answer 25

S2

Question 26

Where is conus medullaris

Answer 26

L2

Question 27

What is filum terminal?

Answer 27

internal terminal filum of pia

Question 28

What is the cauda equina?

Answer 28

Roots of spinal nerves + filum terminal

Question 29

What do dorsal rami innervate on the back

Answer 29

• Skin over middle 2/3 of back
• Deep back muscles
• Facet joints (joint capsules)
• Posterior ligaments

Question 30

What are the superficial back muscles not innervated by dorsal rami?

Answer 30

• Trapezius
• Latissimus dorsi
• Rhomboids
• Levator scapulae

Question 31

What are the erector spinae?
Innervation?
ActionS

Answer 31

Deep back muscles
Innervated by dorsal rami

Action: bilateral contraction (extension of spine + head)

Unilateral: ipsilateral bending + ipsilateral rotation