Prejudice, Discrimination and Prosocial Behaviour Flashcards
Steph has just started her first semester of studying psychology at university. She hasn’t met many
people on campus yet but has made a small group of friends in her psychology classes. At lunch time,
the group starts chatting about other students around campus. Steph says that ‘all engineering
students drink a lot, are only interested in sport, and have really bad dress sense’. Steph is showing
signs of
prejudice
The term ‘prejudice’ refers to
a pre-judgement based on a person’s groupmembership
Sara, who works at a flower shop, dislikes students. She knows that if students came into the shop
she simply would not serve them. According to Allport (1954), her intention is which part of her
attitude?
The conative part
If certain prejudices persevere over time and eventually become enshrined in society, they
can become legitimised by the norms of the community
A shared and simplified image of members of a group is referred to as
a stereotype
There is evidence that when a woman experiences a tyre puncture on a busy road she can expect to
receive reasonably prompt aid. This is likely to be due to
sex stereotyping
James and Liz work for the same company, doing the same job. Although both succeed, their
rather traditional co-workers still
think that Liz’s success is due to her being treated more leniently; put Liz’s achievement down to her picking the easy parts out; attribute James’s achievement to his skill and ability
The concept of tokenism can be summed up by which of the following statements?
If I make this gesture I won’t need to do any more.
Mr Uppity thinks that immigrant kids who can’t speak fluent English should not be in his classroom,
so he doesn’t give them too much of his time. Then, as he expects, they do not perform too well in the
tests he marks. Here we have a clear case of
a self-fulfilling prophecy
People’s fear of confirming stereotypes by which they might be judged is referred to as
stereotype threat
The frustration-aggression hypothesis
purports that all frustration leads to aggression, and all aggression comes from frustration
You’ve been reading about the frustration-aggression hypothesis, and find that a scapegoat refers
to
a target against whom one can legitimately aggress without fear
Prosocial behaviour can generally be defined as acts that
are positively valued by society
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prosocial behaviour?
It follows all religious principles
Prosocial behaviour includes the concepts of
bystander intervention; sympathy; helping
Altruistic behaviour refers to behaviour that
is intended to benefit the person helped rather than the helper
The case of the Kitty Genovese murder has been a major stumbling block in explaining helping
behaviour as
entirely biologically predisposed
Paula watches her older sister Jenny share her bag of jelly beans with their little brother, Ryan. The
next week, Paula is given two biscuits for morning tea. She walks over to Ryan and offers to share one
with him. Paula’s behaviour is an example of
modelling
Barry is a macho type, and was not sympathetic when reading a police report about a young
woman being hospitalised after a sexual assault at a gang party. ‘She would have had it coming to her’,
he thinks. This is an example of
the just-world hypothesis
Latane and Darley’s (1968) cognitive model of bystander intervention proposed that
a person’s helping behaviour depends on a series of decisions
People who are reluctant to help others are often themselves victims of
fear of social blunders
Among individuals, a variable that impacts helping behaviour is
perceiving oneself to be competent
Janet is studying at the library when she remembers that she needs to make a phone call. She can
be more confident about leaving her books on the desk if she
asks the student adjacent to her desk to look after her books
Annette has been a willing helper for Jacinta, who is trying to write a psychology essay. Annette is
herself worried about an upcoming statistics test. She also knows that Jacinta shines at statistics.
Annette’s helping behaviour probably includes a good dose of
operating on the reciprocity principle
