Pregnancy/Fetal Devlopment Flashcards
*How to measure the fundus
Measure from top of the pubic bone to top of the fundus
How to find the top of the fundus
Walk hands up the side of the belly, top will feel like a hard ball under the skin. Can feel the top by curving fingers into the tummy
*How to determine the due date.
Date of the 1st day of the last mental period minus 3 months plus 7 days
*Primary prevention related to pregnancy
Health education on: safe sex, contraception, nutrition, exercise, avoidance of smoking, alcohol and drug use.
*Secondary prevention regarding pregnancy
Prenatal care/check-ups looks at the following…
- weight gain
- fundal height
- blood pressure
- edema
- fetal heart sounds
- labs
*Nutritional requirements during pregnancy
a
At what week does the top of the fundus hit the umbilicus
20
When is the top of the fundus get to the rips
about 32
3 week fetus: nervous system
- 3 germ layers are developed
- Neural tube is formin, open at both ends
3 week fetus: cardiorespiratory
- Heart if just 2 parallel tubes
- Tubes contract so heart beat can be detected 21-22days
What is developed from the endogerm?
digestive tract
What is developed from the mesoderm?
- muscle
- bone
- cartalidge
- dermis
- connective tissue
What is developed from the endogerm?
-epidermis
4 week fetus: nervous/sensory sys
Neural tube closes
Eye, nose, ear development begins
4 week fetus: cardiorespirtory
Four chambers of the heart begin forming
tracheal and bronchial development begins
4 week fetus: musculoskeletal sys
upper and lower limb bud appear; look like flippers
6 week fetus: cardiorespiritory
- heart has 4 chambers
- lung lobes developing
6 week fetus: neuro/sensory
- cranial nerves and pituitary glands devo. begin
- eyelid and external ear begin
6 week fetus: digestive
-intestines mainly in the umbilical
6 week fetus: musculoskeletal
limbs are paddles with notches
6 weeks fetus
- head is prominent
8 wk fetus: cardiorespiritory
- heartbeat detected with ultra should
- additional bronchi
8 week fetus: geniourinal
genitals begin forming/differentiating
8 week fetus: musculoskeletal
- bones begin to ossify
- fingers/toes definite
8 week fetus
definite human form
10 week fetus:
-patient digestive tract from mouth to anus
12 week fetus: heart
heart beat detectable by doppler
12 week fetus: genitourinal
- sex determinable/genitals differentiated
- kidneys produce rine
12 week fetus: integumentary
lanugo begins
12 week fetus: reflex
sucking reflex
16 week fetus: neuro/sensory
face appears human, eyes fwd
16 week fetus: urinary
secreted urine
16 week fetus: growth
big growth in length
16 week fetus: musculoskeletal
relative limb length reached
20 week fetus: integumentary
vernix cerosa and lanugo present
- brown fat developed
- nipples begin
- hair appears
20 week fetus: genital
- primordial follicles reach peak
- testes begin to descend
20 week fetus: urinary
40% nephrons are mature
20 week fetus: heart
heart beat detectable with a fetoscope
28 week fetus: neuro/sensory
- respond to bitter substances
- sulci and gyri are present
28 week fetus: respiritory
sufficient surfactent, alveoli, and capillary network for lungs to function
28 week fetus
-head heavy so being do descend
32 week fetus: nervos
PSN near SNS
32 week fetus: respiritory
surfactent nears maturation
32 week fetus: integumentary
- lanugo disappearing
- skin smooth and pigmented
32 week fetus: survival
good survival chances
38 week fetus: growth
mainly weight gain
38 week fetus: survival
good
- lungs ready
- all systems developed
relation of fertilization and gestational age
Fertilization age is about 2 weeks less than the gestational age
3 week fertilization age considerations for mother
- missing period at this point
- possible morning sickness
get on folic acid
4 week fertilization age considerations for mother
-nausea/vomitting
6 week fertilization age considerations for mother
-nausea/vomiting
8 week fertilization age considerations for mother
Can hear heart on an ultrasound
- fatigue
- breast swelling
- darker body hair
- acny
12 week fertilization age considerations for mother
Fetal sex can be determined
Hear heartbeat on the Doppler
-mom is getting bigger, starting to show
End of first tri
16 week fertilization age considerations for mother
Mom may feel fetal movement/quickening
-nausea usually ends
20 week fertilization age considerations for mother
Heart can be heard with auscultation
- movements feel like fluttering/butterfly
- braxton-hicks may occur
- inc. risk of varicose veins
- may have nigra; black vein
28 week fertilization age considerations for mother
- period of greatest weight gain
- mom is getting uncomfy
- see OB 2x a month
32 week fertilization age considerations for mother
- braxton-hick more noticeable
- heartburn common
- SOB
- Edema
- Urinary frequency
38 week fertilization age considerations for mother
- mucous plug often lost/water breaks
- ready for baby to come out
