pregnancy Flashcards
Any female/partner of a male who uses Ribavirin requires what
- two types of contraception
drugs have the most effects on which trimester
-
first trimester
- but some effects occur later
as a rule of thumb, which of these two is more likely to cross the placenta: lipid soluable drug or highly ionized drug
- lipid soluble drug
DOC for HTN in pregnancy
methyldopa
if a pregnant women is hypothyroid, give
- levothyroxine
- avoid cretinism
function of folic acid in pregnancy
- prevent neural tube defects
define teratogen
- agent that causes birth defect or congenital malformation
teratogenic exposure
- teratogenic potential at clincal doses used in humans
- teratogenic effect is not 100%
what is the category:
- no fetal risk, possibility of fetal harm remote
category A
what is the category:
- no risk animal, unknown human, probably okay
Category B
what is the category:
- no adequate human or animal studies. use only if benefit outweight risk
Category C
what is the category:
- evidence of fetal risk has been demonstrated. used only in life threatening disease or where other drugs carry a greater risk
category D
what is the category:
- evidence of fetal damage. risk outweight any benefits
- absolutely contraindicated
category x
clinical presentation
- small head
- simply formed, low set ears
- thin upper lip
- small chin
- smaller eye opening
- flat midface
- short, upturned nose
fetal alcohol syndrome
clinical presentation
- saddle nose
- broad, short hands
- opthalmic
- bone
- fetal death common
warfarin use in pregnancy
what should be used in pregnancy instead of warfarin for anticoagulant
- heparin
- doesn’t cross placenta
thalidomide was used in pregnancy to
- sedative
- antinausea
thalidomide caused what in babies
- limb deformities
phenytoin caused what in babies of pregnant women used
- fetal hydantoin syndrome
- growth retardation
- cardiac abnormality
- no finger or toe nails
- abnormal genitalia
- broad nose, cleft palate
babies of pregnant women who used Diethylstilbestrol developed
vaginal adenocarcinoma
What is the VACTERL symptoms?
- vertebral: hypoplastic
- anal problems
- cardiac defect
- trachea - esophageal fistulas
- renal: poor development
- limbs: lower arm, thumb
VACTERL symptoms are associated with use of what in pregnancy
sex hormone use
Isotretinoin MOA and use
- binds to retinoic acid receptors and decreases sebaceous gland production
- acne
how many doses of Isotretinoin teratogenic
- one dose is teratogenic
- reqires iPLEDGE program
