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Complex Exercise Management > Pregnancy > Flashcards

Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

The diaphragm is pushed up by…

A

4cm

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2
Q

Tidal volume increases by ….

A

30-50%

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3
Q

Respiratory rate increased to…

A

15-17

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4
Q

Minute ventilation increases by….

A

20-50%

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5
Q

Cardiac output increases from

A

5L/min to 7L/min

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6
Q

Stroke volume increases from….

A

65ml to 80-90ml

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7
Q

Heart rate increases from…

A

75 to 85-90bpm

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8
Q

Systemic vascular resistance…

A

Decreases (down by as much as 40%)

Mediates effects of vasoconstrictors (angiotensin and vasopressin)

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9
Q

When is blood pressure the lowest

A

2nd trimester

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10
Q

Oxygen consumption….

A

Increases by 20%

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11
Q

What percentage experience back pain

A

60%

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12
Q

The centre of mass moves…

A

Anteriorly

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13
Q

Breasts enlarge by….

A

40%

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14
Q

Physical changes (body mass, metabolic rate, pelvis)

A

Increased body mass and metabolic rate
Pelvic tilt and muscle activation

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15
Q

What happens to vasopressin

A

Vasopressin release increases = water retention

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16
Q

Iodine

A

Deficiency (redirected to foetus)

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17
Q

Cortisol secretion….

A

Increases

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18
Q

Relaxin….

A

Increases (causes joint laxity)

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19
Q

Percentage of people who experience nausea and vomiting?

A

50-90%

20
Q

Intragastric pressure….

A

Increases due to upward displacement

21
Q

What metabolic fuel is favoured?

A

Lipolysis - preserving glucose & amino acids for use by foetus

22
Q

Protein catabolism…..

A

Decreases

23
Q

When is peak calcium demand?

A

3rd trimester

24
Q

Exercise during pregnancy: concerns for foetus

A

Decreased uterine blood flow
Foetal hyperthermia
Utero-placental 02 deficiency
Hypoglycemia (compromise maternal/foetal glucose)
Mechanical stress and trauma
Increased stress hormone in circulation

25
Q

Exercise during pregnancy: concerns for mother

A

Increased relaxin
Hypoglycemia
Osteitis pubis
Weakened pelvic floor muscles
Increased stress hormones in circulation
Linea alba ciruclation

26
Q

Exercise during pregnancy: concerns for mother

A

Increased relaxin
Hypoglycemia
Osteitis pubis
Weakened pelvic floor muscles
Increased stress hormones in circulation
Linea alba separation

27
Q

Strong recommendation for women to exercise if they were….

A

Previously inactive

28
Q

Gestational diabetes - Exercise?

A

Weak recommendation

29
Q

How much exercise should pregnant people do? Duration & frequency

A

150 minutes (minimum 3 days - being active everyday is encouraged)

30
Q

Type of exercise

A

Aerobic and resistance

31
Q

Why is pelvic floor training recommended

A

Can reduce the odds of urinary incontinence

32
Q

True or false - pregnant women who experience light headedness, nausea or feel unwell when they exercise on their back should avoid the supine position

A

TRUE

33
Q

True or false - water based exercise and pregnancy specific classes are safe for pregnant women

A

TRUE

34
Q

First trimester intensity of exercise

A

60-80% (12-14 Borg scale)

35
Q

Aerobic training for sedentary women

A

55-60% V02max, 3-5x/wk, 20 mins, weight bearing

36
Q

Active women

A

55-60% V02max, 5x/wk, 60 minutes

37
Q

Third trimester exercise

A

Non-weight bearing
Low-moderate intensity or low volume weight bearing

38
Q

Absolute contraindication

A

Ruptured membrane
Premature labour
Unexplained persistent vaginal bleeding
Placenta praevia after 28 weeks gestation
Pre-eclampsia
incompetent cervix
Intra uterine growth restriction
High order multiple pregnancy (eg triplets)
Uncontrolled type 1 diabetes
Uncontrolled hypertension
Uncontrolled thyroid disease

39
Q

Relative contraindication

A

Recurrent pregnancy loss
Gestational diabetes
A history of spontaneous pre-term birth
Mild/moderate cardiovascular/respiratory disease
Symptomatic anaemia
Malnutrition
Eating disorder
Twin pregnancy after the 28th week

40
Q

At what week should is it considered a relative contraindication to exercise during a twin pregnancy

A

28 weeks

41
Q

Activities to avoid

A

Valsalva manoeuvre
Motionless standing after the first trimester
Sports that carry a higher risk of falling/abdominal injury
Lying on back for long periods
Hot yoga

42
Q

Post-birth

A

Possible trauma during delivery
Pelvic floor muscles affected
Ligaments remain soft/compliant
Reduced fitness
Breast feeding
Possible bleeding for 4-6 weeks
Sleep deprivation

43
Q

Post birth 0-3 weeks

A

Walking, abdominal brace and pelvic floor

44
Q

Post birth 3-8 weeks

A

Can add low impact aerobic and resistance exercise

45
Q

Post birth 8-12 weeks

A

Gradually increase exercise intensity and duration

46
Q

Post birth 12-16 weeks

A

Consider checking with physio to ensure pelvic floor and abdominals are strong enough to recommence high load weight bearing activity eg running/jumping

Complex Exercise Management (10 decks)

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