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Chem-109 > precipitation reactions > Flashcards

precipitation reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

HBr

A

Hydrobromic Acid

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2
Q

HCl

A

Hydrochloric Acid

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3
Q

HI

A

Hydroiodic Acid

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4
Q

HNO_3

A

Nitric acid

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5
Q

HClO_4

A

Perchloric acid

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6
Q

H_2SO_4

A

Sulfuric acid

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7
Q

LiOH

A

Lithium hydroxide

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8
Q

NaOh

A

Sodium hydroxide

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9
Q

KOH

A

Potassium hydroxide

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10
Q

RbOH

A

Rubidium Hydroxide

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11
Q

CsOH

A

Cesium hydroxide

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12
Q

Ca(OH)_2

A

Calcium hydroxide

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13
Q

Sr(OH)_2

A

Strontium hydroxide

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14
Q

Ba(OH)_2

A

Barium hydroxide

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15
Q

Strong acids and bases do this in an (aq) solution

A

fully dissocciate

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16
Q

Strong acids and basses are also this

A

strong electrolytes

17
Q

Monoprotic acids

A

contain one acidic proton

18
Q

diprotic acids

A

contain 2 acidic protons

19
Q

neutralization reaction

A

acids react with bases. Generally, water and salt are produced

20
Q

hydration

A

occures when individual particles are removed from a solid and surrounded by water molecules

21
Q

solubility

A

is a measure of a chemical substance’s (solute’s) ability to dissolve in a given solvent

22
Q

Oxidation-reduction reactions

A

involve the transfer of electrons from one reactant to the other

23
Q

easy way to remember oxidation and reduction

A

OILRIG, Oxidation is loss(of electrons), Reduction is gain(of electrons)

24
Q

oxidation number

A

Oxidation state, represents the degree of oxidation of a chemical species. The oxidation number for a pure element is zero

25
Q

Four rules for assigning oxidation numbers to chemical species

A
  1. Oxidation state of any atom in its elemental state is zero
  2. oxidation state of a monoatomic ion is equal to its charge
  3. Sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is zero
  4. sum of the oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the polyatomic ion
26
Q

Arrhenius

A

acid: Generates H+ in solultion, HCl
base: generates OH- in solution, NaOH

27
Q

Bronsted-Lowry

A

acid: H+ donor, HF
base: H+ acceptor NH_3

28
Q

Lewis

A

acid: e- pair acceptor BF_3
base: e- pair donor PH_3

29
Q

Types of compounds that undergo Gas-evolutoin reactions

A

Sulfides, bi-carbonates, bi-sulfates, ammonium

30
Q

reactant types: sulfides

A

gas evolved H_2S

31
Q

reactant type: bi-carbonate

A

gas evolved CO_2

32
Q

reactant type: bi-sulfates

A

gas evolved SO_2

33
Q

reactant type: ammonium

A

gas evolved NH_3

34
Q

nonmetal oxidation state

A

F=-1, H=+1, O=-2, group 7A = -1, group 6A = -2, group 5A = -3

35
Q

metal oxidation state

A

group 1A = +1, group 2A = +2

Chem-109 (12 decks)

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