Precautions

Question 1

Universal Precautions (UP)

Answer 1

• implemented by CDC Atlanta and WHO to make precautions consistent world wide when dealing with blood borne diseases
• if dealing with blood borne originating fluid or sample contaminated with blood you must wear all necessary PPE - gloves at min

Question 2

Body Substance Isolation (BSI) or Body Substance Precautions (BSP)

Answer 2

-considers any samples taken from body to be potentially infectious and must use appropriate PPE with gloves as min

Question 3

Routine/ Standard Precautions

Answer 3

• combination of universal and body substance Precautions
• all sample is considered potentially infectious as well as exposure to non intact skin, mucous, and soiled items
• appropriate PPE must be worn with gloves as a min
• used in labs and collections centres

Question 4

Standard Isolation / Precautions

Answer 4

• used when infection is unknown or can be controlled with usual precautions
• gloves, gown , mask
• used for MRSA, hep B or C
• most common type of isolation

Question 5

Droplet isolation/ precautions

Answer 5

• used when infection may be due to droplet formation of body fluids (cough or sneeze)
• must have appropriate PPE - gloves and mask (within 2 meters of a patient)

Question 6

Airborne isolation/ precaution

Answer 6

• used in cases of TB, measles, chicken pox, chin goes

- must have fit tested N95 respirator and negative pressure room

Question 7

Enteric isolation/ precaution

Answer 7

• used when vomiting or diarrhea are involved and gastrointestinal infection is suspected
• usually small children or elderly
• cases of E.coli, food borne illness, Norwalk virus, C. difficile

Question 8

Reverse Isolation

Answer 8

• used to protect patient from external sources of infection (visitors, health care workers)
• used when patient is immunocompromised (bone marrow transplant, chemotherapy)
• visitors wear PPE to protect patient, not themselves