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AV Pharmacology > Precautions > Flashcards

Precautions Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenaline Precautions

A

BECM

B higher doses may be required for patients on beta blockers

E Elderly / frail

C pt w/cardiovascular disease

M pt taking monoanime oxidase inhibitors

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2
Q

Aspirin Precautions

A

PAP

Peptic Ulcer

Asthma

patients on anticoagulants

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3
Q

Ceftriaxone Precautions

A

Allergy to penicillin antibiotics

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4
Q

Dexamethasone Precautions

A

Solutions which are not clear or are contaminated should be discarded

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5
Q

Dextrose Precautions

A

Nil of significance

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6
Q

Droperidol Precautions

A

PEL Q

Parkinson’s disease: may worsen symptoms

Elderly frail: susceptible to SE

Lewy body dementia: may increase agitation

QT prolongation has been reported rarely. Provide ECG monitoring after sedation

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7
Q

Fentanyl Precautions

A

MORE RAH

M pts on monoamine oxidase inhibitors
O Known addiction to opioids
R Respiratory depression (COPD)
E Elderly/frail pts

R Rhinitis, rhinorrhea or facial trauma (IN route)
A Current asthma
H Impaired hepatic function

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8
Q

Glucagon Precautions

A

Nil of significance

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9
Q

GTN Precautions

A

P Preterm Labour

U Use lower doses (i.e. 300mcg) in patients who are elderly (age >60) and have no previous admin. Or with recent MI and they may be more susceptible to adverse effects

R Right myocardial MI or inferior STEMI with systolic BP <160 - use cautiously due to risk of severe hypotension from preload reduction

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10
Q

Hydrocortisone Precautions

A

NIL

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11
Q

Ipratroprium Bromide Precautions

A
  1. Glaucoma
  2. Avoid contact with eyes
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12
Q

Ketamine Precautions

A

May exacerbate cardiovascular conditions (e.g. uncontrolled hypertension, stroke, recent MI, cardiac failure) due to effects on HR and BP

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13
Q

Lignocaine Precautions

A
  • IM and local infiltration- inadvertent intravascular administration may result in systemic toxicity
  • IO - impaired CV function (e.g. hypotension, bradycardia, poor perfusion, heart block, heart failure)
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14
Q

Methoxyflurane Precautions

A
  1. Pt should not be administered >6ml of Methoxyflurane in 24hrs due to increased risk of kidney damage
  2. To limit occupational exposure, Methoxyflurane should not be administered in a confined space. Ensure adequate ventilation in ambulance. Place used Penthrox inhalers in closed plastic bag when not in use.
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15
Q

Midazolam Precautions

A

CAME

C Can cause severe respiratory depression in Pts with COPD

A CNS depressant effects of benzodiazepines are enhanced in the presence of narcotics and other tranquillisers including Alcohol

M Pts with myasthenia gravis

E Reduced doses may be required for the elderly, Pts with chronic renal failure, congestive cardiac failure or shock

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16
Q

Morphine Precautions

A

MORE RAAH

M Pts on monoamine oxidase inhibitors
O Known addiction to opioids
R Respiratory depression (COPD)
E Elderly/frail pts

R Respiratory tract burns
A Current asthma
A Acute alcoholism
H Hypotension

17
Q

Naloxone Precautions

A
  1. If pt is known to be physically dependent on opioids, be prepared for a combative pt after administration
  2. Neonates
18
Q

Normal Saline Precautions

A

None

19
Q

Olanzapine Precautions

A

Olanzapine may be less effective if patient agitation is due to drug intox (especially stimulants) or alcohol withdrawals. Benzodiazepines are considered first-line agents in these patients

Elderly / frail patients and children are more susceptible to adverse effects

20
Q

Ondansetron Precautions

A

SLOP

S. Severe hepatic disease (cirrhosis) limit daily dose to 8mg

L. Congenital Long QT syndrome - Ondansetron causes QT prolongation and increases risk of torsaades de pointes. Unlikely but best to avoid large doses

O. Ondansetron ODT may contain aspartame which should be avoided in patients with phenylketonuria. Injection can be administered if appropriate

P. Pregnancy 1st trimester - consult with receiving hospital

21
Q

Oxytocin Precautions

A

Nil

22
Q

Paracetamol Precaution

A

HH

H Hepatoxicity can occur with overdose (4g 24 hours)

H Risky of Hepatoxicity is increased in the follow circumstances
- impaired hepatic function
- elderly / frail
- malnourishment

23
Q

Prochlorperazine Precautions

A

PE

Parkinson’s disease (can worsen symptoms of Parkinson’s disease avoid if possible)

Elderly patients (more susceptible to adverse effects)

24
Q

Salbutamol Precautions

A

Large doses of salbutamol have been reported to cause intracellular metabolic acidosis

AV Pharmacology (7 decks)

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