Preanesthetics Flashcards
What is the drug class that we use as preanesthetics?
Anticholinergics
What is another name for this class?
Parasympatholytics
What are the main two drugs in this class?
- Atropine Sulfate
- Glycopyrrolate
What is the dose and concentration of Atropine?
Dose - 0.02 mg/lb
Strength - 0.54 mg/mL
What is the dose of Glycopyrrolate?
Dose - 0.005 mg/lb
Which of the drugs in this class does not cross the blood-brain/placental barrier?
Glycopyrrolate
How long does each of the drugs in this class last?
Atropine –> 90 min (1.5 hr)
Glyco –> 2-4 hr
Which of these drugs are more expensive?
Glycopyrrolate
What are the two main reasons for using this class of drug?
- Decrease in saliva production
- Prevent bradycardia
This class is used to prevent bradycardia, which is caused by what?
Intubation stimulates the vagal nerve which induces a PSNS response which slows the heart
What are some other neutral effects of this class of drugs?
- Dilated pupils
- Decreased tear production
Why is this class not given to horses and ruminants?
- Drug reduces gut motility which can cause ruminal atony (bloat) and colic (ileus)
What are the harmful side effects of this class and what can these effects lead to?
- Decreased gut motility - bloat and colic
- Bronchodilation - increases dead space
- Initial bradycardia when adm IV
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- CNS depression (in dogs and cats) - only w/ atropine
- CNS excitement (in ruminants) - w/ atropine
What are the contraindications for this class of drugs?
- Preexisting tachycardia
- Heart disease
- Constipation/ileus
What bpm is tachycardia for dogs and cats?
- Dog = >140
- Cat = >160
