Pre-verbal development

Question 1

What is the first stage of pre-verbal development?

Answer 1

vegetative crying noises
(0-4months)

Question 2

What is the second stage of pre-verbal development?

Answer 2

cooing
(3-6months)

Question 3

What is the 3rd stage of preverbal development?

Answer 3

babbling
(6-12months)

Question 4

What is cooing?

Answer 4

Distinct from crying, no recognisable vowels or consonants

Question 5

What is babbling?

Answer 5

Vocal play forms vowels and consonant sounds

Question 6

What are the 2 types of babbling?

Answer 6

Reduplicated and variegated

Question 7

What is reduplicated babbling?

Answer 7

Vocal play that involves repeated sounds
- mamamama

Question 8

What is variegated babbling?

Answer 8

Vocal play that involves different sounds being placed together
-bemo

Question 9

What are proto words?

Answer 9

(9-12months)
‘made up’ words tat represent a word that they cannot yet pronounce
MANAGEABLE ALTERNATIVES

Question 10

MORRIS 2008

Answer 10

First 6 months- gurgles and babbles
- the same regardless of nationality, parental input
- deaf children create the same sounds
By 6 months- increasingly attuned to variations in rhythm
- babbling resembles more closely

Question 11

GROSJEAN 1989

Answer 11

BI-LINGUAL HOUSEHOLDS
> simultaneous bilingualism is the acquisition of 2 languages at the same time, both that are introduced prior to the age of 3
- bilinguals learn at the same pace and earn them discreetly from the outset

Question 12

KUHL 2011

Answer 12

RESEARCH INTO HUMAN BRAIN AND LANGUAGE
BIRTH- babies are just ‘citizens of the world’
BY 12 MONTHS- ‘culture bound listeners’
- suggests the critical importance of language in the first 12 months when children are less vocal but are receptors to the language being used around them

Question 13

RECEPTION OF LANGUAGE

Answer 13

• prior to first words, things will help them to communicate successfully

Question 14

What 2 things help children prior to their first words in the reception of language?

Answer 14

1) experimentation with the creation of sounds
2) continuously processing language around them and becoming familiar with social interactions that underpin talk with their immediate surroundings

Question 15

KUHL AND MELTZOFF 2016

Answer 15

NEUROSCIENCE
- social interaction is critical in a child’s language learning journey
- early language exposure correlates with readiness to starting school years later

Question 16

BROOKS AND MELTZOFF 2008

Answer 16

LONGITUDINAL STUDY - eye gaze
- follow eye gaze, non verbal cues
- if skilful at 10-12 months, it correlates to increased vocab size at 2 years old
- autistic children have a delayed language development as they have difficulty making eye contact and interacting

Question 17

EARLY PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

Answer 17

• At birth, babies larynx is 1/3 of the size of an adults and it positioned differently in the neck
• until some growth and movement, it is physically difficult for words to be created

Question 18

Hoe many muscles does adult speech require?

Answer 18

• requires the use of 70+ muscles that are gradually developed through early vocal play

Question 19

Stages of lexical and grammatical development

Answer 19

• each child is unique
• rate and nature of language development is often determined by context e.g. parents job