Child Directed Speech Flashcards
What language levels can we apply CDS to?
1) Phonology
2) Lexis and Semantics
3) Grammar
4) Pragmatics
How can we apply CDS to PHONOLOGY?
- separate phrases more distinctly
- speak more slowly
- exaggerated sing song intonation
- exaggerated difference between Qs, statements and commands
- higher and wider range of pitch
How can we apply CDS to LEXIS AND SEMANTICS?
- concrete nouns, dynamic verbs
- adopt child’s own words for things
- frequent use of child’s name, absence of pronouns
- caregiver speaks in 3rd person
How can we apply CDS to GRAMMAR?
- repeated sentence frames
- more simple sentence frames
- fewer complex sentences and passives
- omission of past tense and inflections
- more commands, Qs, tag Qs
- use of expansions- ‘fills out’ child’s utterances
- use of recasting
How can we apply CDS to PRAGMATICS?
- lots of gestures and body language
- frequent stops and pauses for child’s response
- supportive language/politeness to boost confidence
What is CDS?
Child directed speech is the language used by adults/caregivers when addressing children
What is exaggerating prosodic cues?
More exaggerated intonation patterns and slightly higher frequencies, greater pitch variation
What is recasting?
Child’s vocabulary is out into a new, more grammatically accurate utterance
What is echoing?
Repeating what the child said
What is expansion?
Restating what the child said in a more linguistically sophisticated form
What is expatiation?
Expounding further on the word by giving more information
What is labelling?
Providing a name of objects, using simplified vocabulary
What is over articulating?
Using more precise sounds contained in the words, stretching out sounds, sounding out ‘super-vowels’
