Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Assessment > Pre-op 1/21 > Flashcards

Pre-op 1/21 Flashcards

Test 1

1
Q

What is the most common NMB allergy?

A

Rocuronium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What would be a way that you can tell that a patient is having an allergic reaction while under anesthesia?

A

Cant ventilate them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are factors that increase your risk of latex allergy?

A

Multiple Sx
-occupation: healthcare workers; food handlers
-food allergies: mangoes; kiwi; avocado; passion fruit; banana; chestnut
-spina bifida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What adverse effects can local anesthetics cause?

A

Increased HR dt epi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which local anesthetics have a lower risk of allergic reactions? Why?

A

Amides have a lower risk for allergic reactions than esters

Esters have a perservative para-aminobenzoic (PABA)

Amides: Lidocaine, Bupivcaine,

Esters: Procaine, chloroprocaine,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What allergies have cross activity with NMB?

A

Morphine
Neostigmine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What BP medication do we need to d/c at least 24 hrs prior to Sx? Why?

A

ACE inhibitors

Makes BP hard to manage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What consideration should we have for all contraceptives?

A

High risk pt for postop venous thrombosis should DC four weeks prior to Sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If patient is already taking a opioid, what considerations should i have?

A

I can give opioid that works on different opioid receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What consideration should we have with patient taking aspirin prior to surgery?

A

Cont if significant CVS disease/event

if not, d/c 10-14 days prior to surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What consideration should we have with Cox-2 inhibitors?

A

They can affect bone healing, can DC prior to surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what consideration should we have with MAOIs medication’s?

A

Avoid meperidine and indirect acting vasopressors (ephedrine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What consideration should we have with P2Y12 inhibitors? (Antiplatelets)

A

Do not d/c with stent for Sx until 6 months of dual therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the d/c time frames for P2Y12 inhibitors? (Antiplatelets)

A

Clopidogrel/ticagrelor: 5-7 days
-Prasugrel: 7-10 days
-Ticlopidine: 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When should topical & diuretics medications be d/c? What is the exception?

A

The day of Sx

Continue Thiazide diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sildenafil is ______ and should be d/c ____ before Sx

A

viagra

24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are all the medications you d/c before Sx?

A

ASA
P2Y inhibitors (clopidogrel)
Topicals
Diuretics (not thiazides)
Sildenafil
NSAIDS
Warfarin
Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
Non-insulin anti-diabetic medication’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When do we d/c NSAIDs before Sx?

A

48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When do we d/c warfarin before Sx?

A

5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When do we d/c Post menopausal HRT before Sx?

A

4 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When do we d/c non-insulin anti-diabetic medication before Sx?

A

Day of Sx

22
Q

When do we d/c SGLT inhibitors before Sx?

A

24 hours

23
Q

What is the protocol for insulin the day of Sx for type 1 vs type 2?

A

Type 1: 1/3 or normal dose of long acting insulin in the morning

Type 2: none or up to 1/2 of normal dose of long acting insulin in the morning

24
Q

What are the periop corticosteroid doses?

A

50 mg IV before incision

25 mgs q8h for 24 hours

Theres more but this should be all im worried about

25
Q

OTC herbal considerations: Echinacea

A

Activation of cell mediated immunity:
Allergic reactions
-immunosuppression

26
Q

OTC herbal considerations: ephedra

A

d/c 24h before Sx

Increases HR and BP through sympathomimetics:
-increase risk for CVS event
-ventricular arrhythmias with halothane
-hemodynamic instability
-interacts with MAOIs

27
Q

OTC herbal considerations: garlic

A

d/c 7 days before Sx

-inhibits platelet aggregation
-antihypertensive activity

28
Q

OTC herbal considerations: ginger

A

-antiplatelet
-antiemetic

29
Q

OTC herbal considerations: Ginkgo

A

d/c 36h before Sx

-inhibits platelet activating factor

30
Q

OTC herbal considerations: Ginseng

A

d/c 7 days before Sx

-inhibits platelet aggregation
-lowers blood glucose
-Decreases anticoagulant effect of warfarin

31
Q

OTC herbal considerations: Green tea

A

d/c 7 days before Sx

-inhibits platelet aggregation

32
Q

OTC herbal considerations: Kava

A

d/c 24h before Sx

-sedation/axiolysis

33
Q

OTC herbal considerations: Saw Palmetto

A

-inhibits Cox: increase risk of bleeding

34
Q

OTC herbal considerations: St. John’s wort

A

d/c 5 days before Sx

-inhibits neurotransmitter reuptake
-decreases serum digoxin levels
-delayed emergence
-interacts with a lot of things

35
Q

OTC herbal considerations: valerian

A

-sedation
-may increase aesthetic requirements with long-term use
-may increase sedative effects

36
Q

What are the NPO status guidelines?

A

Full meals: 8 hours
Light meals: 6 hours
Breast milk: 4 hours
Clear liquids: 2 hours

37
Q

Can I give PO meds with NPO status?

A

Yes. Unless actively N/V, yes.

38
Q

What is Mendelson syndrome? What does it indicate?

A

Gastric residual >25cc
-gastric pH <2.5

Increase risk of aspiration & increases mortality greatly

39
Q

How can we decrease the risk of aspiration?

A

Decrease gastric volume or increase gastric pH

-antacids (sodium citrate)
-H2 receptor antagonist (famotidine, ranitidine, cimetidine)
-PPI (omeprazole, pantoprazole)
-dopamine two antagonist (metacloperamide-psychotic effects)

40
Q

T/F: smoking decreases your risk of having N/V

A

T

41
Q

What sedation helps with vomiting?

A

Propofol

42
Q

What medications help with N/V?

A

Scopolamine: acetylcholine muscarinic antagonist
-apply night before Sx
-worsens narrow angle glaucoma

Pregabalin: GABA analogue
-reduces opioid requirements
-administer pre-induction

Ondansetron: serotonin antagonist
-administer before conclusion of surgery
-prolonged QTc

Promethazine: H1 antagonist
-causes sedation

Dexamethasone: steroid
-administer after induction
-may release endorphins or inhibit prostaglandin synthesis

most of these cause blurry vision, dry mouth, HA, visual disturbances

43
Q

All patients should have received prophylactic antibiotics within ______ before surgical incision

A

1 hour

44
Q

Which antibiotics allow to be given within 2 hours of surgical incision?

A

Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolone

45
Q

What are the common Abx given for Sx? Which is the most common? What are the main differences in them?

A

Cefazolin: Most common
-Broad spectrum Beta-lactam
- PCN cross reactivity

Clindamycin: gram pos > neg
-alt for beta-lactam allergy or MRSA

Vancomycin: Gram positive
-alt for beta-lactam or MRSA

46
Q

What Sx would we use Vancomycin for?

A

distal ilium
-colon
-appendix

47
Q

What Sx/infections would we use Clindamycin for?

A

infections: head/neck
-respiratory tract
-bone
-soft tissue
-abdomen
-pelvis

Sx: hysterectomy
-appendectomy
-gastroduodenal tract
-biliary tract
-small intestine
-colon
-rectum

48
Q

What is my dosing for Cefazolin?

A

Adult: 2g
-3g if >120 kg

Pediatric: 30 mg/kg

give over 30 minutes

49
Q

What is my dosing for Clindamycin?

A

Adult: 900 mg

Pediatric: 10 mg/kg

give 30-60 mins

50
Q

What is my dosing for Vancomycin?

A

Adult: 15mg/kg

Pediatric: 15mg/kg

Give 15mg/min

Assessment (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions