Pre-lab sauderland leg

Question 1

loss of (blank) causes foot drop

Answer 1

dorsiflexion

Question 2

What can cause this:
A = Loss of dorsiflexion of ankle causes footdrop.
B= Patient leans to the opposite side of the“long limb” resulting in “waddling gait.”
C = Swing-out gait: the long limb is swung out laterally
(abducted) to allow the toes to clear the ground. D = Extra flexion of the thigh is employed to to raise the foot a high as possible. Difficulties to make the heel strike the ground first.

Answer 2

injury to common fibular nerve

Question 3

how long does it take for a nerve to regenerate?

Answer 3

1mm/day

Question 4

What is this:

blood vessels that nourish the nerve fibers and their coverings?

Answer 4

vasa nervorum

Question 5

what gives blood to the sciatic?

Answer 5

inferior gluteal
perforating arteries
popliteal artery

Question 6

What happened:
can be caused by gloves or stockings, they have impaired vibration sense, foot drop, feet have burning sensation in feet (so sleep with covers off), loss of ankle jerk, walk gingerly

Answer 6

they have lost blood supply to their peripheral nerves

Question 7

How can you get peripheral neuropathies?

Answer 7

diabetic, alcoholic, uremic (kidney related), drug-related, PVD (peripheral vascular disease)

Question 8

At what age do the pelvic bones begin fusion at the acetabulum? At what age is this complete?

Answer 8

Age 15-17; Age 20-25

Question 9

What is this?

Avascular necrosis of the epiphysis and femoral head, common in young boys

Answer 9

Legg-Perthes

Question 10

When a patient claims that their “hip” is fractured, what has really occurred? How will a patient lie on the table when their hip is in pain?

Answer 10

damage to the femoral neck; they will lie on the “good” hip

Question 11

In a total knee replacement, what ligament is often sacrificed because it ruptures within the first several months? Which ligaments can be maintained for greater stability?

Answer 11

ACL; PCL and collateral ligaments can be maintained

Question 12

Which ligament on the lateral side of the ankle joint is most vulnerable to a tear?

Answer 12

anterior talofibular ligament

Question 13

Pain on lateral rotation of the tibia on the femur indicates injury of the (blank)

Answer 13

lateral meniscus

Question 14

Pain on medial rotation of the tibia on the femur indicates injury of the (blank)

Answer 14

medial meniscus

**most likely to be torn – 6 times more frequently injured

Question 15

T/F: The medial meniscus is more likely to be torn; however, there are many contact sports cases in which only the lateral meniscus is affected.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What is the unhappy triad?

Answer 16

tear of ACL
tear of medial collateral ligament
tear of medial meniscus

Question 17

What’s this:
Excessive and powerful eversion of the foot
pulls on the extremely strong medial ligament
of the ankle (deltoid ligament) and may tear off (avulse) part of the medial malleolus.

Subsequently, the talus tilts even more laterally in the everted position, shearing off the lateral malleolus or, more commonly, fracturing the fibula and avulsing the interosseous membrane.

Answer 17

Pott fracture-dislocation

Question 18

T/F: Inversion injuries can cause fracture of the fibula

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T/F: Eversion injuries can cause tibial and fibular fractures

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What are the three bones that contribute to the triradiate cartilage?

Answer 20

ischium, pubis, ilium

Question 21

At what age is the synostosis complete b.w the pubic and ischium bone?

Answer 21

at age 9

Question 22

At what age are the three bones in the acetabulum completing fused?

Answer 22

20-25 years of age

Question 23

What is the angle of inclination as a young child?
as an adult?
at old age?

Answer 23

145
126
120

Question 24

What angle varies with age, sex, and development?

Answer 24

the angle of inclination between femoral neck and femoral shaft

Question 25

What is avascular necrosis of the epiphysis and femoral head in children?

Answer 25

legg-perthes

Question 26

Legg-Perthes disease is known to have a reduction in blood flow to the joint. The disease is theorized to include the artery of (blank) being constricted or even blocked too early, not allowing for time when the medial circumflex femoral artery takes over.”

Answer 26

ligmentum teres femoris

Question 27

What vitamin stabilizes the cermic on polyethylene hip replacements?

Answer 27

vit e

Question 28

In a total knee replacement what ligament is sacrificed?

Answer 28

``` the ACL (cuz it ruptures within the first several months) The PCL and collateral ligaments can be maintained for stability ```

Question 29

A sprained ankle is nearly always an (blank) injury

Answer 29

inversion (lateral ligament sprain)

Question 30

What are the 2 components of the lateral ankle ligament and which is most vulnerable and most commonly torn?

Answer 30

posterior talofibular calcaneofibular anterior talofibular (most vulnerable)

Question 31

excessive and powerful (blank) of the foot may lead to fibular fracture just proximal to the lateral malleolus

Answer 31

inversion injury

Question 32

How do you get a tear of the deltoid ligament (medial ligament)?

Answer 32

with an eversion injury

Question 33

What are the four parts of the medial ligaments of the ankle (deltoid ligament)

Answer 33

posterior tibiotalar part anterior tibiotalar part tibiocalcaneal part tiibionavicular part

Question 34

Excessive and powerful eversion of the foot pulls on the extremely strong medial ligament of the ankle (deltoid ligament) and may tear off (avulse) part of the medial malleolus. Subsequently, the talus tilts even more laterally in the everted position, shearing off the lateral malleolus or, more commonly, fracturing the fibula and avulsing the interosseous membrane. This type of eversion injury is also known as the (blanK)

Answer 34

Pott Fracture-dislocation of the ankle.