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History [18.3b - now] > Pre-History > Flashcards

Pre-History Flashcards

1
Q

When was:
1. First Microbial life on Earth
2. First Reptiles and Forests
3. The earliest ancestors of Humans

A
  1. 3.8b yrs ago.
  2. 300mln yrs ago.
  3. 7mln yrs ago.
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2
Q

When was:
1. The Big Bang [4 Physics Fundamental concepts of the fabric of the universe]
2. The Solar System Formation [How long did it take?]
3. Earth’s Formation

A
  1. 13.8b yrs ago. [1. Space 2. Time. 3. Matter. 4. Energy]
  2. 4.6b. [50mln - 100mln.]
  3. 4.5b
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3
Q

The 3 Precambrian Eons and their descriptions

A

Precambrian - Geological Eons [4.6b - 541mln.]

  1. Hadean Eon 4.6b - 4b
    [Molten, hostile planet] [Moon’s formation in collision with Theia] [Crust solidification = Ocean’s form]
  2. Archean Eon 4b - 2.5b
    [First Microbial life [single-celled Prokaryotes] on Earth 3.8b] [Earth’s atmosphere lacks oxygen.]
  3. Proterozoic Eon 2.5b - 541mln.
    [Oxygen builds up - The Great Oxidation Event] [Eukaryotic cells and eventual multicellular life]
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4
Q

The current Eon and its 3 Era’s with description.

Which Period do we live in?

A

Phanerozoic Eon [541mln - now]

  1. Paleozoic Era [541mln. - 252mln.]
    The Cambrian Explosion 540mln [Appearance of an extraordinary diversity of life forms.]
    First Reptiles and Forests 300mln
    “The Great Dying” [Largest extinction - 96% of marine species.]
  2. Mesozoic Era [252mln. - 66mln.] “The Age of Dinosaurs” [Periods: Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous.]
    First evolutions of birds and flowers.
    Extinction of Dinosaurs 66mln
  3. Cenozoic era [66mln - now] Periods: Paleogene, Neogene, Quaternary.]
    Mammals - dominant life form. Primates - 200mln. yrs ago. Earliest Human ancestors - 7mln. yrs ago.

Current Period - Quaternary

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5
Q

The Dates of Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic eras and Copper age.

A
  1. 2.6mlnB.C - 10000 BC
  2. 10000B.C - 8000B.C
  3. 8000B.C - 3000B.C
  4. 6000B.C - 3000B.C
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6
Q

How many years ago humanity discovered fire?

A

1.7mln BC

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7
Q

How long have anatomically correct humans existed for and until how long have they all stayed in Africa?
What brought this change and what year?

A
  1. For 200k years
  2. Until 70k years ago.
  3. Cognitive Revolution - 70k years ago
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8
Q

When was the last Ice Age

A

[115k to 11.7k yrs ago]

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9
Q

Venus [God of fertility] statues lasted from - to

A

[40k BC - 10k BC]

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10
Q

Early Symbolic system and its years

A

Proto-Writing 5000 BC - 3000BC

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11
Q

[Measures the amount of radioactive carbon in fossils to place them in time. Only used on things that once lived]

A

Carbon dating

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12
Q

[Determines age based on the rock layer artifacts are found in]

A

Stratigraphic dating

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13
Q

How and why did Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic eras end

A
  1. End of the last Ice Age.
  2. End of hunter-gathering lifestyle.
  3. The rise of metalwork.
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14
Q

Tools of the Mesolithic Era

A
  1. Microliths
  2. Improved Bows & Arrows
  3. Fishing Rods
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15
Q

Tools of Neolithic Era

A
  1. Copper Axes
  2. Copper Chisels
  3. Copper Mirrors
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16
Q

Tools of Paleolithic Era

A
  1. Hand Axes
  2. Choppers [Sharp edge stones]
  3. Spears
17
Q

Hierarchy Geological & Historical times and their uses.

A

Hierarchy of Geologic Time:

Eon [500mln. - 2b+.] Longest unit of time in geological and historical contexts.

Era [50mln. - 500mln.] [Major events - mass extinctions / emergence of dominant life forms.]

Period [10mln - 50mln.] [Specific evolutionary or geological events.]

Epoch [100k - 10mln.] [Finer details - climate changes / specific evolutionary developments.]

Age [1k - 1mln.] [Distinct intervals within an epoch.]

Hierarchy of Human Time:

Era [ 100 - 3k] [Timeline of major events, rulers, or cultural shifts. [Victorian Era] ]

Period [ 300 - 5k] [ Phase of political, social, or technological changes. [Renaissance period] ]

Epoch [50 - 500] [New important developments. [Industrial Epoch] ]

Age [500 - 50k] [General term for a distinct phase in history. [Bronze Age] ]

18
Q

2.6mln yrs ago emergence of … - the first accepted member of …

A
  1. Homo habilis 2. Homo genus
19
Q

3.8b yrs ago
300k yrs ago
200k yrs agor
7mln yrs ago
2.6mln yrs ago
Last Ice age

A
  1. First microbial life
  2. First birds and flowers
  3. First primates
  4. Hominins
  5. Homo habilis - First accepted member of homo genus
  6. 115k - 11.7k yrs ago
20
Q

Discovery of fire
First anatomically correct humans
Early symbolic system

A
  1. 1.7mln yrs ago
  2. 200k yrs ago
  3. 5000-3000BC

History [18.3b - now] (7 decks)

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