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Middle Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

Middle Ages, Dark Ages years and significance.

A

Middle ages “Medieval Ages” [500 AD - 1500AD]
“The Dark Ages” [476 AD - 800 AD]
Signified by the fall of Rome, brought into light by Charlemagne.

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2
Q

The Golden Age of Islam years and two branches.

A

8th c. AD - 14th c. AD
Two Branches of Islam: [Split in 632 A.D]
Sunni - Believes in elected leadership.
Shia - Generational leadership.

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3
Q

Charlemagne [Charles the Great]

A

Reigned 768 AD - 814 AD.
“Holy Roman Emperor” in Franks. Unified a lot of Europe. His land inheritance split into 3 for his sons.

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4
Q

Feudal System 9th c. AD - 15th c. AD:

A
  1. King/Monarch/Queen Regnant/Prince Consort
  2. Nobles/Lords/Barons/Dukes/Earls/Counts
  3. Vassals/Knights
  4. Clergy - Bishops, Abbots
  5. Peasants/Serfs

[A King can also be a Duke in another nations land.]

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5
Q

The Great Schism

A

1054 AD [The Split of Christianity into Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy]

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6
Q

Catholic vs Orthodox vs Protestant:

A
  1. Protestant - Puts Bible above Church in authority. Rejects the Pope.
  2. Catholic - Puts Church above Bible in authority, MUST participate in church. Explores science.
  3. Orthodox - “God is a mystery.” Does not put SON with Spirit, only Father.
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7
Q

Crusades

A

11th - 13th c. AD. [11 Campaigns to reclaim Jerusalem “City of Peace”.]

In doing it, Rome has earned the anger of Christians who were sacked by greedy mercenaries in Constantinople and more.

“Children’s Crusade” [Unofficial Crusade ending up with 20k children dead or enslaved.]

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8
Q

The Mongol Empire

A

1206 AD - 1368 AD
Known for being impressively tolerant towards occupied countries religions.
In contiguous [connecting] category, they were the biggest in history.
Made the Indian Ocean trade very safe.

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9
Q

“The Great Charter”

A

Magna Carta “The Great Charter” 1215 AD [UK Document limiting the power of monarchs, forcing them to abide the law. Signed by King John of England.]

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10
Q

The Great Famine of Europe

A

1315 AD - 1322 AD [10% - 25% of Europe Died]

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11
Q

The Black Death/Bubonic Plague

A

1347 AD - 1351 AD [40% of Europe Died]

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12
Q

Hundred Year War

A

[1337 AD - 1453 AD] France vs UK [France’s Victory]
Started as a dispute for the throne.

Joan of Arc “Maid of Orleans” at 17 led an army and convinced the powerful enemy to retreat.
Burned in France by the English.

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13
Q

The Great Wall of China

A

[1368 AD - 1644 AD]

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14
Q

Discovery of America

A

by Columbus [1492 AD]

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14
Q

Renaissance and Humanism centuries.

A

[14th c. AD - 17th c. AD]
With Italy being incredibly rich from trading it became Renaissance’s capital.
However 95% of Europe never truly felt Renaissance.

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14
Q

“[Name] The Magnificent”

“[Name] The Great”

A
  • Eloquence, Cultural Contributions
  • Power and Military Impact
14
Q

[To stop the flow of something, especially blood]

A

Stanch

15
Q

[A Public show of respect for someone, often recognition.]

A

Homage

16
Q

[Person in the feudal system who pledged loyalty to a more powerful lord, monarch.]

A

Vassal

17
Q

[Peasant bound to his lord, like a slave.]

A

Serf

18
Q

[Head of monastery]

A

Abbot

19
Q

[Religious community building where nuns live, work and worship.]

A

Monastery

20
Q

[Individuals trained to perform religious duties and rituals]

A

Clergy

21
Q

[1. The Lords House. 2. Farmland. 3. Common land. 4. Village.]

A

Manorial system

22
Q

[Type of serf living in a Villa.]

A

Villain

23
Q

[Economic & Social system dominant in medieval Europe]

A

Manorialism

24
Q

[Belief that events are pre-determined - inevitable]

A

Fatalism

25
Q

[Place in between heaven and earth, who need their souls cleansed. Purification, penance by suffering.]

A

Purgatory

26
Q

[Principle of separating religion from government policies.]

A

Secularism

27
Q

[Office and authority of Pope - leader of the Roman Catholic Church.]

A

Papacy

28
Q

[Formal division/Split within a religious community]

A

Schism

29
Q

[Anything related to the Pope]

A

Papal

30
Q

[Germanic people in current day Belgium]

A

Franks

31
Q

[Distinctive characteristic/Feature/Quality that is regarded as defining/identifying trait.]

A

Hallmark

32
Q

[System of Inheritance given to the oldest son]

A

Primogeniture

33
Q

The Seven Years War

A

1756 AD - 1763 AD [French - Indian War] the first true “Global/World war”

34
Q

[Member of ANY religious community who devotes their life to spiritual practices, often asceticism]

A

Monk

History (7 decks)

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