PRE HISTORIC ARCH Flashcards
List the three periods of Stone age
PALEOLITHIC, MESOLITHIC, NEOLITHIC
PALEOLITHIC INVENTION
STONE
MESOLITHIC
TOOLS
NEOLITHIC
AGRICULTURE AND FARMING.
NEOLITHIC INVENTIONS
WHEEL, LOOM, SAIL, POTTERY AND CERAMICS, MEGALITHIC STRUCTURES FOR BURIAL AND WORSHIP SITES
NEOLITHIC ARCH
STONE CIRCLES, SETTLEMENTS AND CEREMONIAL ENCLOSURES.
LATE STONE AGE BEGAN
11000 BC
NEOLITHIC CHARACTERISTICS
AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK/FARMING, DEFENSIVE WALLS, RELIGIONS AND HIERARCHY
NEOLITHIC PREVIOUSLY RELIED….. AND NOW ….
nomadic hunter-gatherer technique THEN sedentary on agriculture
NEOLITHIC STUFF
BURIAL CHAMBERS, MONUMENTS AND ARTIFACTS
EARLY STONE AGE HUTS
MADE FROM EASILY AVAILABLE MATERIAL SUCH AS BRANCHES, ANIMAL SKIN, BONES AND STONES. circular oval triangular huts EASY CONSTRUCTION, FIREPLACE in center , NOT PERMANENT. Some dug into the ground for protection against animals and cold weather.
STONE AGE ARCHITECTURE
MENHIR, DOLMEN, PASSAGE TOMB
STONE AGE ARCHITECTURE
MENHIR, DOLMEN, PASSAGE TOMB
Which is not part of the Four Old-World River Valley Cultures?
Amazon river
What is a form of a temple, a pyramidal structure common to ancient Mesopotamia?
ZIggurat, dwelling
places for the gods. Only priests were permitted inside the
ziggurat, and they were responsible for caring for the gods and attending to their
needs. As a result, the priest was very
powerful members of the Sumerian
society.
WHAT IS Menhir
Free-standing singular stones
To mark a position
To create an axis
Burial?
WHAT are dolmens
3-4 stones arranged to form a
table- stone tables
● Evolutionary process of
ceremonial enclosure
construction- a burial chamber
● Wedge tomb
WHAT are passage tombs
Large, elaborate structures using stones arranged to form a passage to a burial enclosure
Very deliberate and careful placing of the structure
Important axis and connection with the sunrise/set at specific times of the year
Only the entry visible on the ground
examples of passage tombs
NEWGRANGE IN IRELAND , SKARA BRAE IN ORKNEY
STONEHENGE OF …. AND STARTED IN ….
STONEHENGE OF SALISBURY PLAINS… 3100-1100 BC
Stonehenge plan is
CENTRALIZED AND LONGITUNIDAL
STONEHENGE WORSHIPS
SUN
FROM THE CENTER, ON SUMMER SOLSTICE THE RISING SUN COMES OVER………
From its centre, on the summer solstice
the rising sun comes up exactly over the
the apex of the Heel Stone
ancient civilization
MESOPOTAMIA
MESO is a lance between the rivers called
Tigris and Euphrates river (Modern day IRAQ KUWAIT AND SYRIA)
cities states of Mesopotamia that were unified under….. and broke apart into….
AKKADIAN EMPIRE….. ASSYRIAN EMPIRE AND BABYLONIAN EMPIRE
OLDEST MAJOR ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS OF MESO
the Sumerians,
Akkadians, Persians, Babylonians and
Assyrians.
first Mesopotamian
SUMERIANS
What are Burial mounds?
Calls for careful consideration and deep knowledge of the site and the sun path. Burial mounds, also known as ‘long barrows’ some of which contained stone-lined chambers.
The Late Stone Age is a prehistoric period that began around how many years ago?
11000 YEARS AGO
The major four river valley civilizations were located along
the Indus River, the Yellow River, the Nile River, and the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Mesopotamia.
ziggurat
represented
seven heavens and planes of
existence
