ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME

Question 1

ANCIENT GREECE timeline

Answer 1

700BC 480 BC

Question 2

Rome timeline

Answer 2

30BC 1460 CE

Question 3

Geography

Answer 3

Rocky
Mountainous
Almost completely surrounded by Mediterranean Sea

Question 4

HIGHLY AVAILABLE MATERIAL IN GREECE

Answer 4

STONE and LIMESTONE and MARBLE

Question 5

number of historic periods in ancient Greece

Answer 5

4 period:
i. Greek Dark Ages
ii. Archaic Period- City states & rise of
aristocrats
iii. Classical Period- Period of democracy
& expansion of art appreciation, politic & economic
iv. Hellenistic Period - Increase interest in civic buildings

Question 6

religion of greeks

Answer 6

Polytheistic: many god &
goddesses

Question 7

TEMPLES OF GREEK

Answer 7

Parthenon, Athens
Temple of Poseidon, Sounion
Temple of Artemis, Ephesus
Erechtheion, Athens

Question 8

Parthenon was for

Answer 8

ATHENA

Question 9

Erectheion was for

Answer 9

ATHENA AND POSEIDON

Question 10

Characteristics of Greek columns in temples.
What column?
Plan Shape?
Facade?

Answer 10

Columns
* thickening the bottom of it/ lean slightly inwards
Rectangular floor plan
Peristyle
* Facade consisted of rows of column
* Columns surrounding inner chamber/ space in a building
like a courtyard

Question 11

Columns were understood by Greek to be proportionally representative of

Answer 11

anthropometric/ representative of the human body

Question 12

The Temple facade is made of

Answer 12

Entablature
Capital
Shaft
Base

Question 13

Types of greek order

Answer 13

DORIC- Strength and masculinity
IONIC- Feminine
CORINTHIAN- maiden (least used and is decorative)

Question 14

Unique columns of Greek used in erechtheion and what it represents

Answer 14

CARYATIDS
* Mainly decorative columns
* embodiment of youth, purity and
feminine strength

Question 15

What kind of leaves are used in the corinthian

Answer 15

Acanthus

Question 16

was the crowning
feature of the Greek temple front

Answer 16

Pediment

Question 17

long and narrow sculptural
band that runs along the middle of an
entablature, used for decorative purposes. represents the people of Athens in a
religious procession

Answer 17

Frieze

Question 18

…….Illustrate episodes from Greek myth. used
as a structuring and decorative principle
of order in Greek architecture. In the early
days, the ……….were open and could
contain vases or sacrificial skulls. were the rectangular slabs that adorned the outside of Doric temples, just above the exterior colonnade.

Answer 18

Metopes

Question 19

………….as escapist entertainment and civic
engagement.
…………..encouraged Greeks
to “become more moral by processing the
most important issues of the day,”
through both tragedy and satire

Answer 19

Theatre

Question 20

Ancient Greek Theatre was located in . Where it is also a holy sanctuary and the mythical birthplace of twin gods
Apollo and Artemis

Answer 20

DELOS

Question 21

The largest structure in the temple of Apollo which held the singing and instrumental music contests of the Pythian Games.

Answer 21

Ancient Greek Theatre in Delphi

Question 22

a covered walkway or portico, commonly
for public use.

Answer 22

STOA

Question 23

Constructed in
330-320 BCE, the
entrance to the
it is mostly
hidden from view
from the
spectators in the
stadium and the
athletes entrance
would have been
all the more
dramatic.

Answer 23

The Ancient Stadium, Nemea

Question 24

Commercial center of the city of Athens

Answer 24

Agora

Question 25

Social center for male citizens/
gymnasium, Greece

Answer 25

PALESTRA

Question 26

Small theatre for meetings and
dramatic performance, greece

Answer 26

ODEON

Question 27

How did Romans take conquering of the other city-states across the Mediterranean seas

Answer 27

Building ships inspired by Phoenician;s shipbuilding and creating a navy.

Question 28

Roman Materials

Answer 28

limestone
marble
stone
Terracotta: a type of clay
Brick
Pozzolana aka volcanic ash used as mortar

Question 29

Roman religion

Answer 29

rise of Christianity

Question 30

What have the roman improved from Greek style design

Answer 30

Arch and vault

Question 31

Stoa equivalent of roman architecture is

Answer 31

BASILICA

Question 32

Agora in roman equivalent is

Answer 32

Forum

Question 33

Improvements of innovations of roman empire

Answer 33

Improvements: DOME, AQUEDUCTS
Innovation: VAULT- barrel, groin. ARCH

Question 34

Discovered what material to build strong buildings

Answer 34

of slow-drying concrete made with
pozzalana and concrete

Question 35

Roman Columns/Orders

Answer 35

DORIC
IONIC
CORINTHIAN

TUSCAN (Represent strength and masculinity. often in utilitarian & military building)

COMPOSITE (Combination of Ionic & Corinthian. Symbolize democratic, power & agelessness)

Question 36

a temple in Rome that is dedicated to all gods.

Answer 36

PANTHEON. The main room consisted of a large
cylindrical drum topped by a dome,
with an oculus allowing for light and air – and rain.
constructed with a grand porch, 3 rows of columns and dome with oculus. Largest Unreinforced concrete dome in the world today.

Question 37

How did Romans get water supply into their city

Answer 37

Gravity and the natural slope of the
land allowed aqueducts to channel
water from a freshwater source,

Question 38

Structural System Rome

Answer 38

Arch, vaults

Question 39

Romans used ………. span and cover large spaces. used in basilicas and the Pantheon, etc.

Answer 39

DOMES

Question 40

The need to move legions and trade goods in all weather led to the development of

Answer 40

ROADS

Question 41

theatre and arenas built to hold many people and engineered to allow quick entry and exit.

Answer 41

AMPHITHEATRE

Question 42

Gladiator contests were held here

Answer 42

COLOSSEUM