ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME Flashcards
ANCIENT GREECE timeline
700BC 480 BC
Rome timeline
30BC 1460 CE
Geography
Rocky
Mountainous
Almost completely surrounded by Mediterranean Sea
HIGHLY AVAILABLE MATERIAL IN GREECE
STONE and LIMESTONE and MARBLE
number of historic periods in ancient Greece
4 period:
i. Greek Dark Ages
ii. Archaic Period- City states & rise of
aristocrats
iii. Classical Period- Period of democracy
& expansion of art appreciation, politic & economic
iv. Hellenistic Period - Increase interest in civic buildings
religion of greeks
Polytheistic: many god &
goddesses
TEMPLES OF GREEK
Parthenon, Athens
Temple of Poseidon, Sounion
Temple of Artemis, Ephesus
Erechtheion, Athens
Parthenon was for
ATHENA
Erectheion was for
ATHENA AND POSEIDON
Characteristics of Greek columns in temples.
What column?
Plan Shape?
Facade?
Columns
* thickening the bottom of it/ lean slightly inwards
Rectangular floor plan
Peristyle
* Facade consisted of rows of column
* Columns surrounding inner chamber/ space in a building
like a courtyard
Columns were understood by Greek to be proportionally representative of
anthropometric/ representative of the human body
The Temple facade is made of
Entablature
Capital
Shaft
Base
Types of greek order
DORIC- Strength and masculinity
IONIC- Feminine
CORINTHIAN- maiden (least used and is decorative)
Unique columns of Greek used in erechtheion and what it represents
CARYATIDS
* Mainly decorative columns
* embodiment of youth, purity and
feminine strength
What kind of leaves are used in the corinthian
Acanthus
was the crowning
feature of the Greek temple front
Pediment
long and narrow sculptural
band that runs along the middle of an
entablature, used for decorative purposes. represents the people of Athens in a
religious procession
Frieze
…….Illustrate episodes from Greek myth. used
as a structuring and decorative principle
of order in Greek architecture. In the early
days, the ……….were open and could
contain vases or sacrificial skulls. were the rectangular slabs that adorned the outside of Doric temples, just above the exterior colonnade.
Metopes
………….as escapist entertainment and civic
engagement.
…………..encouraged Greeks
to “become more moral by processing the
most important issues of the day,”
through both tragedy and satire
Theatre
Ancient Greek Theatre was located in . Where it is also a holy sanctuary and the mythical birthplace of twin gods
Apollo and Artemis
DELOS
The largest structure in the temple of Apollo which held the singing and instrumental music contests of the Pythian Games.
Ancient Greek Theatre in Delphi
a covered walkway or portico, commonly
for public use.
STOA
Constructed in
330-320 BCE, the
entrance to the
it is mostly
hidden from view
from the
spectators in the
stadium and the
athletes entrance
would have been
all the more
dramatic.
The Ancient Stadium, Nemea
Commercial center of the city of Athens
Agora
