Pragmatics

Question 1

Pragmatics

Answer 1

the branch of linguistics dealing with language in use and the contexts in which it is used

Question 2

Implicature

Answer 2

An implied meaning that has to be inferred as a result of a conversational maxim being broken

Question 3

Irony

Answer 3

Using language to signal an attitude other than what has been literally expressed

Question 4

Deixis

Answer 4

Words that are context-bound where meaning depends on who is being referred to, or where/when something is happening

Question 5

Speech acts

Answer 5

Communicative acts that carry meaning beyond the words and phrases used within them, for example, apologies and promises.

Question 6

Politeness

Answer 6

The awareness of others’ needs to be approved of and liked (positive politeness) and/or given freedom to express their own identity and choices (negative politeness)

Question 7

Face

Answer 7

The concept of how all communication relies on presenting a ‘face’ to listeners and audiences, and how the management of positive and negative face needs to contribute to interaction.

Question 8

Cooperative principles

Answer 8

In conversation: how interaction is thought to be based upon various kinds of cooperative behaviour between speakers.

Question 9

Presupposition

Answer 9

An implicit assumption about the world or background belief relating to an utterance whose truth is taken for granted in discourse. (e.g. Jane no longer writes fiction. Ps: Jane once wrote fiction.)