Practice questions Flashcards
Which of the following is/are true?
(a) Acromegaly can lead to development of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
(b) Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice for primary adrenocortical tumors.
(c) Cretinism is hypothyroidism occurring during adulthood
(d) a and b
(e) all of the above
D) a and b
Which of these animals is the most likely to spontaneously recover?
(a) Dog with diabetes mellitus
(b) Cat with a pheochromocytoma
(c) Hyperthyroid cat
(d) Cat with diabetes mellitus
(e) Dog with panhypopituitarism
D) cat with diabetes mellitus
Steroid hormones:
(a) are secreted on demand; not stored
(b) travel as free molecules (not bound to any protein or other carrier) through the blood.
(c) are produced by cells with abundant RER.
(d) bind to intracellular receptors in target cells and then the hormone-receptor complex binds directly to the DNA.
(e) a and d
E) a and d
Which statement is true?
(a) DHEA can be converted to a potent glucocorticoid in the circulation.
(b) Radioactive iodine would be an appropriate treatment for hypothyroidism.
(c) Some types of diabetes mellitus do not (at least initially) involve a lack of insulin
(d) Right before a big exam, vet students will have low levels of epinephrine in the blood due to stress.
(e) Diabetes mellitus is often seen in young dogs
C) Some types of diabetes mellitus do not (at least initially) involve a lack of insulin
Which of the following is/are true regarding the StAR protein?
(a) Facilitates transport of cholesterol across the mitochondrial membrane
(b) Found in Leydig cells
(c) Stimulated by LH
(d) all of the above are true
(e) none of the above are true
D) all of the above are true
Which of the following is true about insulin?
(a) Porcine insulin is not effective in dogs.
(b) Insulin causes glycogen catabolism in the liver.
(c) Insulin is secreted in response to low amino acid levels in the blood.
(d) Production of insulin can be inhibited by somatostatin.
(e) none of the above
D) production of insulin can be inhibited by somatostatin
What is a goiter?
(a) enlargement of the thyroid gland
(b) enlargement of the adrenal due to Addison’s disease
(c) enlargement of the pituitary as a secondary result of hyperthyroidism
(d) a compound use to treat hyperthyroidism
A) enlargement of the thyroid gland
Mrs. Miller from down the street has called in saying that she thinks her female Dachshund Fluffy has developed diabetes mellitus. Which of the following symptoms might you see?
(a) glycosuria
(b) polyuria / polydypsia
(c) hyperphagia
(d) a and b
(e) all of the above
E) all of the above
In which of the following conditions might you see alopecia as a symptom?
(a) Growth hormone imbalance
(b) Thyroid hormone imbalance
(c) Glucocorticoid imbalance
(d) a and c
(e) all of the above
E) all of the above
Which of the following are not pulsatile?
(a) LH
(b) oxytocin
(c) testosterone
(d) GnRH
(e) none of the above are pulsatile
B) oxytocin
Fluffy is a 5 year old unspayed female golden retriever showing signs of body weight gain, lethargy, decreased estrous cycling, and alopecia. Blood T4 levels are low but increase sharply following injection with TSH. However, T4 remains low following injection of TRH. Which of the following disorders would you consider to be most likely?
(a) primary hypothyroidism
(b) secondary hypothyroidism
(c) tertiary hypothyroidism
(d) cretinism
(e) terminal liver failure
B) secondary hypothyroidism
Which of the following is stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH)?
(a) testosterone production by the Leydig cells of the male
(b) GH release
(c) CRH production by the hypothalamus
(d) all of the above are stimulated by LH
A) testosterone produced by the Leydig cells of the male
Growth hormone causes ________ to decrease.
(a) glucose uptake by muscle and fat
(b) blood glucose
(c) insulin resistance
(d) lipolysis
(e) all of the above
A) glucose uptake by muscle and fat
Long-term exogenous glucocorticoid administration would be an appropriate treatment for…
(a) primary hyper adrenocorticism
(b) secondary hypoadrenocorticism
(c) iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism
(d) all of the above
(e) none of the above –glucocorticoids are potentially dangerous drugs and should never be used as a long-term treatment.
B) secondary hypoadrenocortism
In conditions of stress, you would expect to see high levels of which hormone(s)?
(a) cortisol
(b) GnRH
(c) epinephrine
(d) a and c
(e) all of the above
D) a and c
Which of the following hormones show marked diurnal variations?
(a) follicle stimulating hormone
(b) growth hormone
(c) cortisol
(d) b and c
(e) all of the above
D) b and c
Fluffy the 8-year-old cat is not looking good. Her weight is normal, but the cartilage and bone in her ears, nose and jaw seem to be enlarged and, and she is mildly hyperglycemic. Fluffy has:
(a) developmental hypersecretion of growth hormone
(b) acromegaly
(c) panhypopituitarism (dwarfism)
(d) adult-onset growth hormone deficiency
B) acromegaly
Which of the following is true about catecholamines?
(a) Epinephrine is the major regulator because there is more of it.
(b) Epinephrine is the major regulator because it is the only active catecholamine.
(c) Norepinephrine is the major regulator because there is more of it.
(d) Norepinephrine is the major regulator because it is the more active form.
(e) Epinephrine and norepinephrine are not catecholamines.
A) epinephrine is the major regulator because there is more of it
Catecholamines:
(a) are produced from the amino acid tryptophan.
(b) are stored in membrane-bound granules.
(c) cause vasodilation in all blood vessels of the body.
(d) Take 2-3 minutes to be released from the time of stimulation.
(e) none of the above
B) are stored in membrane-bound granules
BPH is a significant clinical problem in:
(a) cats
(b) dogs
(c) humans
(d) b and c
(e) all of the above
D) b and c
Fluffy the dog has been diagnosed with a chromaffin cell tumor (pheochromocytoma), leading to excessive production of epinephrine. Which of the following symptoms would you not expect?
(a) dilated pupils
(b) decreased intestinal motility
(c) catabolism of muscle tissue
(d) increased fat deposition
(e) all of the above.
D) increased fat deposition
Which of the following is/are necessary for normal growth?
(a) growth hormone
(b) epinephrine
(c) thyroxine
(d) a and c
(e) all of the above are necessary for growth
D) a and c
Prolactin:
(a) is essential for bone growth
(b) is inhibited by dopamine.
(c) is not present in males.
(d) stimulates milk letdown from the mammary glands.
(e) all of the above
B) is inhibited by dopamine
Injections of epinephrine would cause increases in blood glucose (TRUE/FALSE)
(a) True
(b) False
A) True