practice Q week 4

Question 1

Which of the following is not a stage in Kuhn’s view of the scientific process?
a. Revolution
b. Crisis
c. Falsification

Answer 1

c. Falsification

Question 2

What happens, according to Kuhn, when a scientist encounters an anomaly?

a. He or she abandons the paradigm
b. The paradigm continues more or less as it is
c. The paradigm is falsified

Answer 2

b. The paradigm continues more or less as it is

Question 3

According to Thomas Kuhn, an anomaly refers to:
a. an example that shows how to apply the paradigm
b. an observation that contradicts the current paradigm
c. a methodological prescription

Answer 3

b. an observation that contradicts the current paradigm

Question 4

Which of the following answers best describes the correspondence theory of truth?
a. The theory of truth of analytical statements
b. The theory of truth of synthetic statements
c. Normal science

Answer 4

b. The theory of truth of synthetic statements

Question 5

Which theory of truth best captures the view that one should not dispose of a theory with the first observation that would count against that theory unless one has a better theory that explains both everything that the old theory explained, as well as the conflicting observation.

a. The coherent theory of truth
b. The pragmatic theory of truth
c. The correspondence theory of truth

Answer 5

b. The pragmatic theory of truth

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT among the four elements of a paradigm?

a. Normal science
b. Shared methodological prescriptions
c. Shared scientific values

Answer 6

a. Normal science

Question 7

According to Kuhn, which of the following would be the last one to form within a paradigm?

a. Methodological prescriptions
b. Symbolic generalizations
c. Exemplars

Answer 7

a. Methodological prescriptions

Question 8

Which of the following distinguishes Kuhn’s ideas from Popper’s?

a. Revolutions cannot falsify a theory
b. Normal science is not a search for verification
c. Normal science is not a search for falsification

Answer 8

c. Normal science is not a search for falsification

Question 9

Can there be a science based on observation and logicalone? Which one of the following statements best describes Quine and Duhem’s possible answer to this question?

a. No: we can never confirm or verify any general theory, but we can falsify such a theory.
b. No, we can not even falsify a theory, as we can always decide to sacrifice the falsifying observation rather than the theory, and this is often even a rational thing to do.
c. No, because we need theoretical concepts and allow induction logic.

Answer 9

b. No, we can not even falsify a theory, as we can always decide to sacrifice the falsifying observation rather than the theory, and this is often even a rational thing to do.

Question 10

Which of the following theories of truth best describes Kuhn’s view?
a. Consensus theory of truth
b. Coherency theory of truth
c. Correspondence theory of truth

Answer 10

a. Consensus theory of truth