Practice Gait Observations

Question 1

In non weight bearing you see a foot positioning in which the patients heel is inverted and the great toe does not contact the ground. Upon weight bearing this alignment is maintained/Navicular drop score is 2mm lower in standing vs NWB. Which of the following foot type descriptions is correctly describing this case.

• Compensated rear foot varum
• Uncompensated rear foot varum
• Compensated forefoot varum
• Uncompensated forefoot varum

Answer 1

Uncompensated rear foot varum:

Question 2

In non weight bearing you see a foot positioning in which the patients heel is neutral and the pinky toe does not contact the ground. Upon weight bearing this alignment is maintained. Which of the following foot type descriptions is correctly describing this case.

• Compensated rear foot varum
• Uncompensated rear foot varum
• Compensated forefoot valgus
• Uncompensated forefoot valgus

Answer 2

Uncompensated forefoot valgus

Question 3

In non weight bearing you see a foot positioning in which the patients heel is inverted and the great toe is elevated vs the pinky toe. Upon weight bearing the great toe contacts the ground and the calcaneous become vertical. When running you notice an abrupt movement into pronation. Which of the following foot type descriptions is correctly describing this case.

• Compensated rear foot varum
• Uncompensated rear foot varum
• Compensated forefoot varum
• Uncompensated forefoot varum

Answer 3

Compensated rear foot varum

Question 4

You are evaluating a patient’s foot, and you ask them to stand barefoot. Upon weight bearing, the great toe contacts the ground, and the calcaneus is vertical. Joint mobility is 3/6. The patient’s Feiss line runs above the navicular prominence in WBing. The pedograph shows a wide rectangular foot shape. Which of the following foot-type descriptions is correctly describing this case?

• Uncompensated rear foot varum
• Compensated rear foot varum
• Compensated forefoot varum
• Uncompensated forefoot varum

Answer 4

Uncompensated forefoot varum

Question 5

In non weight bearing you see a foot positioning in which the patients heel is neutral and the pinky toe does not contact the ground. Upon weight bearing the pinky toe touches the ground. The joint mobility score is 3/6 at the mid-foot and subtalar joint. Navicular drop test in weight bearing is unchanged. Which of the following foot type descriptions is correctly describing this case.

• Compensated rear foot varum
• Uncompensated rear foot varum
• Compensated forefoot valgus
• Uncompensated forefoot valgus

Answer 5

Compensated forefoot valgus

Question 6

Big 6 running injuries

• What two knee injuries = ?
• What two low leg injuries = ?
• Last category = ?

Answer 6

Knee injuries ~ 42%

• 1) PFPS ~16%
• 2) ITBS ~8%

Lower leg/ankle/foot ~36%

• 3) Plantar fasciitis
• 4) MTSS (medial tibial stress syndrome??)
• 5) Achilles

Bone stress injury ~20%

• female runners have a two-fold risk of sustaining certain running-related injuries such as PFPS, ITBS,

Question 7

Foot Posture Index score

• highly supinated = ?
• supinated = ?
• normal = ?
• pronated = ?
• highly pronated = ?

Answer 7

• highly supinated (-12 to -1)
• supinated (0 to +1)
• normal (+2 to +5)
• pronated (+6 to +7)
• highly pronated (+8 to +12)

Question 8

Navicular Drop Normative Values

• Normal = ?
• Abnormal = ?

Answer 8

Navicular Drop Normative Values:

• A mean of 5.9 mm (ICC 0.93) is considered normal.
• Abnormal > 10–15 mm difference from subtalar neutral