Practice exam 2 '20

Question 1

Which scientist used flasks like the one pictured (schwann neck) here to disprove the spontaneous generation of microbes

Answer 1

Pasteur

Question 2

which scientist coined the word “cell” to describe what he saw while viewing cork with his microscope

Answer 2

hooke

Question 3

what property of a light microscope is most directly affected by the wavelength of light used

Answer 3

resolution

Question 4

where would you expect to find the peptidoglycan layer of a gram negative bacterium

Answer 4

outside of the outer membrane

Question 5

which of these statements is NOT true of bacterial flagella

a. they are made of many different proteins
b. they use a charge gradient for energy
c. they cause the cell to move by waving back and forth
d. they are not surrounded by a membrane sheath

Answer 5

a. they are made of many different proteins

Question 6

what sort of microbial cell would be most likely to contain tetraether lipids

Answer 6

archea

Question 7

which group of protozoa includes the pathogen, Balantinium coli

Answer 7

sarcodina

Question 8

what are the sexual spores of Penicillium chrysogenum

Answer 8

ascospores

Question 9

what is the chemical composition of the plant pathogens called viroids

Answer 9

RNA only

Question 10

what is the causitive agent of “mad cow disease”?

Answer 10

prion

Question 11

what process do prokaryotic cells use to divide

Answer 11

binary fission

Question 12

which of these sequences arranges the stages of bacterial growth into the correct order

1. stationary phase
2. death phase
3. log phase
4. lag phase

Answer 12

4 lag phase, 3 log phase, 1 stationary phase, 2 death phase

Question 13

if you have 5000 bacteria with a doubling time of 15 minutes, how many will you have after one hour of growth under optimal conditions

Answer 13

8,000

Question 14

Which of these sequences arranges the steps in endospore formation into the correct order

1. coat synthesis
2. cortex synthesis
3. engulfment of the forespore
4. asymmetric septum formation

Answer 14

4 asymmetric septum formation, 3, engulfment of the forespore, 2 cortex synthesis, 1 coast synthesis

Question 15

where would you expect to find dipicolinate in a bacterial endospore

Answer 15

core

Question 16

what sort of growth is exemplified by the thioglycollate tube to the right (thin layer at very top of liquid then thicker layer below, separate from one another)

Answer 16

obligate aerobe

Question 17

what type of microbe exhibits optimal growth at 120 degrees celcius

Answer 17

extreme thermophile

Question 18

what term refers to organisms that get their carbon from CO2

Answer 18

autotroph

Question 19

which of these sequences arranges the steps in glycolysis into the correct order

1. energy is captured to make a “profit”
2. ATP is used to phosphorylate a sugar
3. a six carbon sugar is cut in half
4. energy is captured to break even

Answer 19

2 ATP is used to phosphorylate a sugar, 4 energy is captured to break even, 3 a six carbon sugar is cut in half, 1 energy is captured to make a profit

Question 20

what is the net yield of atp from the Entner Doudoroff pathway

Answer 20

one

Question 21

how many total CO2 are produced from one glucose during aerobic respiration in Escherichia coli

Answer 21

six

Question 22

What sort of reaction metabolic reaction does the polymerization of glucose into starch represent

Answer 22

catabolic

Question 23

what is the composition of most biological catalysts

Answer 23

protein

Question 24

what sort of chemical reaction is illustrated to the right (substrates, increase in energy then decrease in energy for the products to a level lower than the substrates)

Answer 24

exergonic

Question 25

what type of reaction is this: Acetyl-P + ADP yields Acetate + ATP

Answer 25

substrate level phosphorylation

Question 26

what is the maximum number of ATP that can be generated during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

Answer 26

38

Question 27

what sort of process uses nitrate (NO2) as a terminal electron acceptor

Answer 27

anaerobic respiration

Question 28

how many atp can be maximally formed from one NADH

Answer 28

3

Question 29

where would you find the ATPase in bacteria cell

Answer 29

cytoplasmic membrane

Question 30

what is the terminal electron acceptor for a fermentation reaction

Answer 30

organic molecule

Question 31

what sort of process is this: FAD + 2H + 2e- yields FADH2

Answer 31

oxidation

Question 32

As ____ pass through a respiratory chain, ___ are pumped out of the cell

Answer 32

electrons, protons

Question 33

which of these is the best electron acceptor

Answer 33

O2

Question 34

a flavoprotein can accept _____

Answer 34

both protons and electrons

Question 35

which of the following performs oxygenic photosynthesis

Answer 35

cyanobacteria

Question 36

which of the following must perform reverse electron transport to generate NADH

Answer 36

purple sulfur bacteria

Question 37

what part of the oxygenic photocycle is similar to that of the green sulfur bacteria

Answer 37

photosystem I

Question 38

what protein do some halophilic archaea use to capture light energy

Answer 38

bacteriorhodopsin

Question 39

what is the main reason that cycads form associations with cyanobacteria

Answer 39

the bacteria provide nitrogen to the plant

Question 40

what is a common end product of anoxygenic photosynthesis

Answer 40

nitrogen

Question 41

what eukaryotic organelle do cyanobacteria most resemble

Answer 41

chloroplast

Question 42

what phenomenon is associated with epizootic cyanobacteria

Answer 42

green polar bears

Question 43

which of the following microbes is NOT normally used directly as food by humans
red algae
bacteria
fungi
brown algae

Answer 43

bacteria

Question 44

what is the air-water interface called in a marine environment

Answer 44

euphotic zone??? neuston???

Question 45

what enzyme contains FeMoCo at its active site

Answer 45

ATPase

Question 46

which of these sequences arranges the steps in wastewater treatment into the correct order

1. release into the environment
2. remove solid debris by settling
3. eliminate pathogens
4. eliminate organic compounds by microbial action

Answer 46

remove solid debris by settling, eliminate organic compounds by microbial action, eliminate pathogens, release into the environment

Question 47

what erm best refers to contamination of ground water with excess nutrients

Answer 47

eutrophication

Question 48

Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are two bacteria that are involved in what portion of the nitrogen cycle

Answer 48

nitrification

Question 49

which elemental cycle does not contain a gaseous phase

Answer 49

phosphorus

Question 50

which of the following products is generated aerobically by microbes

Answer 50

butanol