Practical l (Macromolecules) Flashcards
What is dehydration synthesis?
Monomers are joined by the removal of water
What is Hydrolysis
Monomers are broken down by the addition of water
What are Carbohydrates made of ?
Monosaccharides or simple sugars
What is Polysaccharides?
the linking of 3 or more of monosaccharides (ex: starch, glycogen, cellulose)
Where is glucose stored?
Stored as glycogen in Animals and stored as starch in plants
What Protein made of ?
Amino Acids, each of which has an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl (acid) group (-COOH), a variable side chain
(-R) and a H attached to a central carbon.
What Peptide bonds?
Dehydration occurs between the amino group of one amino acid
and the carboxyl group of an adjacent amino acid
What are Lipids?
Fats
What are Ester bonds?
Dehydration occurs between the -COOH group of the fatty
acid and a -OH group on glycerol.
Emulsifier
acts as a stabilizer
What are Nucleic Acid made of ?
Nucleotide subunits
Phosphodiester bond.
Dehydration occurs between the -OH
group on carbon 3 and the phosphate group on carbon 5
What bond holds Nucleic Acid ?
Hydrogen bonds
Benedict Test
Detect the presence of reducing sugar such as glucose and fructose. Green indicates a small amount of sugar while reddish orange indicates abudance or reducing sugar. Sucrose shows no change
Iodine Test
Use to distinguish starch, when present it turns blue (poisitive) but there is no presence it yellow (negative)
Dische Diphenylamine Test
Looks for DNA and the more the blue is presence the more DNA there is
Biuret Test
Identifies peptide bonds in which produce a violet color (positive)
Tests for Lipids
Based on solubility in polar solution or ability to absorb pigments in fat-soluble(Sudan lV)
