Practical Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

an “educated guess” as to answer a scientific question

A

hypothesis

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2
Q

can be manipulated or changed by the researcher

A

independent variable

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3
Q

the observed (measured or counted) outcome of the test; depends on what is manipulated

A

dependent variable

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4
Q

all other variables that must remain constant during the test

A

control

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5
Q

name the scientific measurements (3)

A

meter, liter, kilogram

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6
Q

what does C.M.M.N stand for

A

centi, milli, micro, nano

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7
Q

list the four types of organic compounds

A

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

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8
Q

heat the test tubes over an open flame and note the black residue in the test tube

A

how to test for organic components

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9
Q

contains copper ions in alkaline solution. when reagent is heated the copper ions turn a metallic copper

A

benedict’s test for reducing sugars

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10
Q

molecules get stuck in the spirals of another molecule and cause a blue-black color to appear.

A

iodine test for starch

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11
Q

a mixture of two liquids, each insoluble in the other

A

emulsion

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12
Q

molecule that is water-soluble on one end and lipid-soluble on the other.

A

emulsifier

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13
Q

a transparent to translucent spot

A

positive for a lipd

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14
Q

a solution of sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate turn a violet color because of a reaction with the peptide bods that link the individual amino acids

A

biuret reagent for proteins

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15
Q

the smallest unit of life

A

cell

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16
Q

have specialized structures called organelles

A

eukaryotic cells

17
Q

do not have any internal membranes and no membrane-bound organelles

A

prokaryotic cells

18
Q

particles tend to move from high concentration to low until a uniform distribution

19
Q

diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane

20
Q

certain substances diffuse freely through the cell membrane without any expenditure of energy

A

passive transport

21
Q

allows some particles to pass through while restrict the movement of others

A

selective permeability

22
Q

random motion of particles suspended in a fluid resulting in a transfer of kinetic energy (heat)

A

brownian motion

23
Q

proteins that act as catalysts

24
Q

molecule that the enzyme will alter

25
four factors that affect enzyme activity
temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration
26
substance that consists of acid and base and is resistant to pH change
buffer