Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A+P 211 > Practical 2 > Flashcards

Practical 2 Flashcards

1
Q

nasal cav fun

A

warms, filters, adn humidifies air

fun- smell (olfaction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

epiglottis

A

covers larynx (lungs) when swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

larynx

A

btw pharynx and trachea
voice box
air control to and from lower respir tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

anter. attachment for voice ligaments
in larynx
lrg, flat, smooth part on front

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

larynx
below thryoid cartilage
beginning arch of tracheal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

arytenoid cartilage

A

post attach. vocal ligam
larynx
small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

vocal folds- general fun

A

sound production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

glottis

A

system inc. vocal cords and opening btw them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

trachea

A

windpipe
c shaped hyaline cartil
larynx to lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

carina

A

internal medial ridge splits trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tracheal cartilage

A

stripes

c shaped rings on trach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

primary (main) bronchi

A

after bification of trach
R- wider and vertical
L- thinner and horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

secondary (lobar) bronchi

A

off primary bronchi
L- 2 bronchi
R- 3 bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

tertiary bronchi

A

most distal

branches off secondary bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

visceral pleura

A

forms outer layer lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pariteal pleura

A

lines pulmon cavity

connected internal walls thoracic cav

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

right lung

A 
3 lobes
super
middle
inferior
connect to 2ndary bronchi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

left lung

A

2 lobes
inferi
superior
connect to 2ndary bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

diaphragm

A 
inhalation- diagra shrinks
lung vol inc, pressure dec
air allowed in
exhalation- diagra expands
lung vol dec, pressure inc= pushes air out
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

internal intercostal

A

line towards sternum and angle up

give structure to rib cage when exhaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

externa intercostal

A

angle down towards midline

give structure to rib cage when breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

rectus abdominis fun

A

pulls sternum/ ribs down to meet expanding diaph. when exhaling to dec abdominal vol. and inc pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

external oblique

A

compress abdomin
inc P
helps w/ defecation, vomiting and pushing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

kidney

A

fun- urine formation

removes excess H2O, electr, and protein wastes from blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

ureter

A

off renal pelvis

transports urine from kidney to urinary bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

urinary bladder

A

muscular sac on floor of pelvic cav.

fun- stores urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

urethra

A

drains urinary bladder + transp. semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

renal artery

A

oxygenated blood to kidney via afferent arterioles from abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

renal vein

A

drains cortical radiate, arcuate, and interlobar veins

transports blood from kidney to infer. vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

flow of blood from renal artery to Glomerular

A

renal a, segmentary a, interlobar a, arcuate a, cortical radiate a, afferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

flow blood from Golmerular to inferior vena cava

A

glomerular, efferent arteriole, vasa recta + peritubular cap
vasa recta, cortical radiate v and arcutate v
peritubular cap to cortical radiate v, arcuate v, interlobar v, renal v, inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

renal capscule

A

maintains shape and protects kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

renal cortex

A

surrounds renal medulla

fun- filtr. blood + tubular reabsorb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

renal medulla

A

urine to minor calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

renal pelvis

A

urine major calyx to ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

renal hilum

A

point exit for renal pelvis

superior to ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

renal pyramid

A

seperates renal medulla into chunks
urine to minor calyx
fun- tubular reabsorb and secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

renal column

A

divides medulla into pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

renal papilla

A

tip of renal pyramids (runs into minor calyx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

major calyx

A

urine from minor calyx to renal pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

segmental artery

A

blood from renal artery to interlobar a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

interlobar artery

A

blood from segmen. a to acruate a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

acurate artery

A

blood from interlobar a to cortical radiate a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

arcuate veins

A

blood from venules off of vasa recta cap

drain to renal v

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

interlobar veins

A

drain to renal veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

detrusor muscle

A

3 layers sm musc

muscularis layer of urinary bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

trigone

A

common site for urinary infections

opening b/ urecters and urethra on bladder floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

external urethral orfice

A

female

discharge of urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

prostatic urethra

A

male
location semen formation
urine transpor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

membranous urethra

A

male
after prostatic u
transmits urine and semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

spongy urethra

A

extends from membranous urethra to end (urethral orfice)

transports urine and semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

internal urethral sphincter

A

closes urethral orfice

fun- maintains continence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

external urethral sphincter

A

located in perineal pouch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

glomerular capscule

A

“bowman’s”

encloses and protects glomerular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

proximal convoluted tubule

inc. histology

A

from golmerular capsu
have microvilli
* lumen w/ sloughed brush border (cloudy appearance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

nephron loop

A

located mostly in the medulla

inclu. ascending and descending limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

ascending limb

A

runs toward distal convoluted tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

descending limb

A

runs down from glomerular to “U”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

distal convoluted tubule

A

by juxtaglomerular complex
end of nephron
after ascending limb- re-enters coretex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

collecting duct

A

recieve fluid from distal conv. tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

macula densa

A

cells (Na sensors)
stim paracrine signals from juxtaglomerular
controls renin release, renal blood flow, glomerular filtration

62
Q

podocytes

A

form filtration slits in basement membrane for filtration into tubules/ filtrate.

63
Q

cortical radiate artery

A

after arcuate a

supplies blood to afferent arteriole and ultimately golmerulus

64
Q

afferent arteriole

A

supply one functional unit = nephron

towards glomerular

65
Q

glomerulus

A

filter out nutrients and wastes from blood

66
Q

efferent artery

A

transports blood away from glomerulus to peritubular cap

67
Q

peritubular cap

A

blood from effer artery
forms net like structure around renal tubule
fun- returns H2O and solutes back to blood

68
Q

vasa recta

A

supply blood renal medulla

located deep in cortex

69
Q

cortical radiate veins

A

blood from vasa recta capillaries

acurate v?

70
Q

mons pubis

A

subcut fat over pubic bone

71
Q

labia majora

A

outer skin folds

fun- protection of external genitalia

72
Q

labia minora

A

inner skin folds

helps direct urine flow

73
Q

vestibule

A

btw labia minora

stretches from external urethra orifice (bladder) to vaginal orifice (vagina)

74
Q

perineum

A

btw pubic symphysis and coccyx

basically all external genitalia

75
Q

clitoris

A

female sexual response

contains erectile tissue

76
Q

clitoral prepuce

A

skin folds over clit

protection and prevents overdrying

77
Q

hymen

A

skin over vaginal opening

can break w/ intense physical act. or sex

78
Q

greater vestibular glands

A

lubricate vaginal opening

mucous producing gland

79
Q

ovaries

A

maturation/ release germ cells

produces estrogen and inhibin

80
Q

vagina

A

duct for menstrual fluid

leads to uterus

81
Q

cervix

A

produces mucous barrier btw vaginal canal and uterine cav.

provides lubrication during sex

82
Q

uterus

A

supplies nut and o2 to baby through placenta

conducts sperm

83
Q

uterine tubes

A

site of fertilization btw sperm and egg

transp germ cells from ovary

84
Q

fimbriae

A

dev during ovulation

guide egg to uterine tube

85
Q

infundibulum

A

btw ovary and fallopian tube

inc fimbriae

86
Q

testis

A

produce sperm cells and hormones (testosterone)

inside scrotom

87
Q

scrotum

A

layer of skin houses testis and epididymis

changes size w/ muscle layer to regulate temp for sperm dev and maturation

88
Q

epididymis

A

head, body and tail
site for sperm maturation and dev
once mature.. (stored in tail)

89
Q

ductus vas deferens

A

connects to epididymis tail

transports sperm and fluid from epidid

90
Q

spermatic cord

A

vasculature and nerves to testis

run along inside of thighs

91
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

sperm to urethra
adds secretion from prostate gland
necessary for sperm function

92
Q

prostatic urethra

A

before spongy urethra
transports urine
site of semen formation

93
Q

spongy urethra

A

transp urine and semen

longest section

94
Q

seminal vesicles

A

gland reg. release fluid for sperm transportation

connects 2 ductus def

95
Q

prostate gland

A

secretes fluid combine in prost urethra to form semen

96
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

exocrine

excrete mucous secretion for urethra lubrication

97
Q

glans penis

A

sensory tip

male sexual response

98
Q

prepuce (foreskin)

A

if uncircumsized

covers most or some of glans penis

99
Q

corpus cavernosa

A

anterior (larger)
expands w/ blood during arousal
maintains erection

100
Q

corpus spongiosum

A

outer layer surr spongy urethra posteriorly
expands w/ blood during arousal
maintains erection

101
Q

spermatogonia

A

closest to basement layer on histological slide

primordial germ cells

102
Q

primary spermatocytes

A

daughter type b serpmatogonia cell enlarged

one layer of granulosa cells

103
Q

secondary spermatocytes

A

inc secondary oocyte
produced by meosis 1
multiple layers of granulosa cells

104
Q

spermatids

A

produced through meosis 2
(4 cells)
immature sperm

105
Q

nurse cells

A

protect germ cell and promote dev

secrete inhibin and ABP in males

106
Q

interstitial cells

A

secrete testosterone

act. by GnRH

107
Q

sperm head

A

contains nucleus and acrosome

108
Q

sperm acrosome

A

lysosome covering on very tip

contains enzymes to penetrate egg

109
Q

sperm midpiece

A

rectangular area

contains mitochondria produce ATP for mvmnt into female reproductive system

110
Q

sperm tail

A

moves in whip-like motion

from midpiece to end

111
Q

granulosa cells

A

layers surrounding follicle cells
corona radiata
zone pellucida

112
Q

primordial follicles

A

dev. before birth
have for entire life
incl. primary oocyte

113
Q

primary follicle

A

contain larger primary oocyte and layer cuboidal cells

114
Q

secondary follicle

A

encompasses secondary oocyte

115
Q

tertiary follicle

A 
contains secondary oocyte
 and antrum (pool of follicular fluid)
116
Q

antrum

A

pool of follicular fluid

part of tertiary follicle

117
Q

corona radiata

A

outermost layer of gran. cells
(blue)
have microvilli

118
Q

mature follicle

A

goes into uterine tube
releases secondary oocyte to outer peritoneal cavity (into fallopian tubes)
ovulates after accumulation of FSH

119
Q

corpus luteum

A

remaining follicle after ovulation

yellow color

120
Q

corpus albican

A

dev after corpus luteum if NOT pregnant

scar tissue

121
Q

endometrial basal layer

A

deep layer of inner uterine lining

regenerates top “functional layer” w/ every period

122
Q

endometrial functional layer

A

superficial layer

sloughs w/ every period

123
Q

myometrium

A

middle layer
sm muscle
thickest

124
Q

perimetrium

A

thin serosa layer on outside

125
Q

pronuclei

A

house dna

located in egg and sperm respectively

126
Q

blastomere

A

1 of first 2 daughter cells after meosis 1

127
Q

two-cell stage

A

blastomere divides into to diff cells

128
Q

eight-cell stage

A

cells divide again from two

129
Q

morula

A

16 cell ball

130
Q

blastocyst

A

hollow ball w/ internal cavity

131
Q

trophoblast

A

outer layer of cells on blastocyst

purple

132
Q

embryoblast

A

dev into acutal embryo then fetus
inner mass of cells in blastocyst
(yellow)

133
Q

blastocoel

A

inner cavity of blastocyst

134
Q

gastrula

A

final blastocyst w/ all germ layers

ecto, meso and endo

135
Q

amnion

A

line of cells directly inferior to trophoblast layer

136
Q

amniotic cavity

A

superior to ectoderm

filled w/ fluid

137
Q

yolk sac

A

inferior to endoderm
yellow
dev. into digestive tract

138
Q

chorion

A

outermost layer

maroon

139
Q

allantois

A

off yolk sac

dev. into part of umbilical cord

140
Q

endoderm

A

bottom-most
dev. inner lining of dig tract
touches yolk sac

141
Q

mesoderm

A

middle

dev into skel muscle/ part of placenta

142
Q

ectoderm

A

touches amniotic cavity

dev. into integumentary system

143
Q

umbilical artery

A

2

remove deoxygenated blood and waste to placenta

144
Q

umbilical vein

A

1
oxygenated blood to embryo via placenta
dev. into round ligament

145
Q

placenta

A

attached to the uterine wall

provides nutr. o2 and waste removal for fetus

146
Q

decidua basalis

A

maternal placental membrane

147
Q

chorionic villi

A

filled w/ fetal blood
surrounded by maternal blood
Christmas trees

148
Q

ductus venosus

A

bypasses liver
blood directly to inferior vena cava
adult= ligamentum venosum

149
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

bypass pulm. circuit
bridge btw pulmonary arteries and aorta
adult= ligamentum arteriosum

150
Q

foramen ovale

A

adult= fossa ovalis
shunt btw atrias
bypass pulmonary circuit

A+P 211 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions