Practical 2

Question 1

Difference between MCA and ACA

Answer 1

MCA: Contralateral motor and sensory loss involving UE and face
-Contralateral homonymous hemianopsia
-Dominant side
-Aphasia
-Perceptual problem (unilateral neglect, depth perception, spatial relations, agnosia [unable to recognize object, people, sounds], apraxia)
-Most common location for ischemic stroke

ACA: contralateral motor and sensory loss greater in LE compared to UE
-Memory and behavioral impairments d/t frontal lobe involvement
-Problems with imitation, apraxia [difficult to perform tasks], and bimanual tasks

Question 2

Broca’s vs Wernike’s

Answer 2

Wernicke’s (fluent, sensory, receptive aphasia)
Lesion located in auditory association cortex in the L lateral temporal lobe
Speech flows smoothly w/ variety of grammatical constructions and preserved melody of speech
Auditory comprehension impaired
Pt demos difficulty in comprehending spoken language and following commands

Broca’s (non-fluent, expressive aphasia)
Premotor area of the L frontal lobe
Flow of speech is slow and hesitant, vocab is limited, syntax impaired
Comprehension good
Speech production is labored or lost completely

Question 3

Hemineglect vs hemianopsia

Answer 3

Hemineglect: patient fail to be aware of items to one side of space
Stroke or damage to the R hemisphere

Hemianopsia: visual field loss on the same side of B eyes
L homonymous hemianopsia d/t R occipital lobe lesion