Practical

Question 1

In direct agglutination, the Abs should be __&__

Answer 1

IgM
IgG

Question 2

In direct agglutination, the Ag should

Answer 2

Insoluble (particulate)

Question 3

What case prozone phenomenon in brucella

Answer 3

Hight Ab ratio in relation to Ag with case no cross link

Question 4

Definition of prozone phenomenon

Answer 4

Absence of agglutination in tubes because(Dr used the word “with”)of high concentration of Abs

Question 5

How to overcome prozone phenomenon

Answer 5

1/ use more than 6 tubes
Dr: use wide range of dilution
2/ add coomb’s reagent (antihuman globulin )

Question 6

What is the importance( بمعنى resalt) of prozone phenomenon

Answer 6

False -ve result

Question 7

Name the steps of coomb’s reagent (antihuman globulin)

Answer 7

1/ lgG or lgM antibodies is injected to animal
2/ the animal immune system will secrets anti IgG antibody
3/ these anti IgG Abs will bind to Fc of IgG
4/ this binding will form cross linking Ag Ab complex

And congratulations, we can see visible agglutintion

Question 8

Name the application that we use passive : quantitative

Answer 8

Antistreptolysin o (ASO) test

Question 9

Name the application in which reversed passive or qualitative is used

Answer 9

Detection of lancefield groups of beta hemolytic streptococci

Question 10

In passive ( quantitative ) the unknown is

Answer 10

Abs

Question 11

In reversed passive (qualitative) the unknown is

Answer 11

Ag

Question 12

In reversed passive latex is associated ( هذه من عندي ) with

Answer 12

Abs

Question 13

In passive (quantitative) latex is coated with

Answer 13

Ag

Question 14

Name a famous application of reversed passive

Answer 14

Pregnancy test

Question 15

In passive and reversed passive the kind of Ag is

Answer 15

Soluble

Question 16

Name the 2 inert particles

Answer 16

Latex and RBCs

Question 17

Protein ___ can coat with any molecule and this protein is carried on or associated with _____

Answer 17

A
Staphylococci

Question 18

Staph coagglutination test is similar to

Answer 18

Reversed passive

Question 19

RBC coated with solube Ag to detect Abs , this method is called

Answer 19

Passive haemagglutination test

Question 20

RBC coated with Abs to detect solube Ags , this method is called

Answer 20

Reversed passive hemagglutination

Question 21

Haemagglutination is used mainly to

Answer 21

Diagnose viral infections

Question 22

Answer below
Indirect coombs test
Uses
Method
+ve resalt

Answer 22

Detect free Rh Abs in serum of maternal

1/ blood sample from mother
2/ add Rh +ve RBCs and coombs reagent

Rh Abs coat Rh+ve RBCs –> agglutination by coombs reagent

Question 23

Answer below
Direct coombs test
Uses
Method
+ve result

Answer 23

Detect Rh Abs coating RBCs in serum of newborn
1/ blood sample from newborn
2/ add coombs reagent

RBCs coated with Rh Abs –> agglutination by coobs reagent

Question 24

Name another use of direct coombs test

Answer 24

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 25

Neutralization reaction is used in

Answer 25

Diagnosis of certain viral infection

Question 26

Precipitation line is shown on ___

Answer 26

Toxigenic corynebacterium or C diphtheria

Question 27

Name the application of double immunodiffusion

Answer 27

Detect ability of corynebacterium or C diphtheria to produce toxin

Question 28

Application of single immunodiffusion (quantitative)

Answer 28

Measure con. Of serum protein
Like complement and Ig isotypes

Question 29

In single radial immunodiffusion (quantitative) the known con. is _____ and the unknown con. is ____

Answer 29

Ab (antiserum)
لانه ضد سيريم دم المريض الذي على
complement and Ig isotypes

Ag , which is the serum protein

Question 30

In single radial immunodiffusion the diffused is

Answer 30

Ag forming precipitation ring

Question 31

Immunoelectrophoresis is qualitative/quantitative

Answer 31

Qualitative

Question 32

What is electrophoresis ?

Answer 32

Is the migration of solutes or particles like IgM in an electrical field

Question 33

In immunoelectrophoresis the ____ the protein the ____ the distance it will travel
And vice versa

Answer 33

Larger
Shorter

Question 34

Name the procedure of immunoelectrophoresis

Answer 34

1/ a serum sample is placed in a well in agar gel on glass slide than a current is passed through the ager

2/ protein ( Ag) moves in electric field according to charge and size

3/ A trough is cut into the agar and filled with Ab (?)

4/ the Ag and Ab diffuse together which cause “arc of precipitate

Question 35

The serum sample placed on a glass slide contain

Answer 35

Mixture of protein like IgM and IgG

Question 36

Name the application of electrophoresis

Answer 36

1/ diagnosis of immunodeficiency diseases
Detection of low amounts of one or more Ig isotypes عندما يصبح Ab هوAg :(
2/ testing the presence , absence, or unusual patterns of serum protein ( Ag)
E.x = human myeloma protein

Question 37

Arc of precipitation occur in which ingel test

Answer 37

Electrophoresis

Question 38

What is the method of ring precipitation?

Answer 38

Known Ab is introduced into small test + unknown Ag is added

Question 39

Name the result of ring precipitation and name the point

Answer 39

Ring of precipitation
The point I called interface

Question 40

What is the full form of ELISA

Answer 40

Enzymes linked immuno sorbent assay

Question 41

ELISA is used to detect both Ab and Ag in a

Answer 41

Sample

Question 42

Name the application of ELISA

Answer 42

diagnosis of viral infection
Diagnosis of bacteria infection
Diagnosis of drugs in blood and tissues