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Chemistry A level > Prac exam prep > Flashcards

Prac exam prep Flashcards

1
Q

What catalyst + conditions is used for hydrogenation?

A

Nickle

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2
Q

What catalyst + condition is used for the hydration of alcohol?

A

Phosphoric acid 300*c

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3
Q

What catalyst is used for dehydration of alcohol?

A

Conc sulfuric acid

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4
Q

What catalyst is used for the oxidation of alcohols?

A

Acidified potassium dichormate

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5
Q

What is the enthalpy change equation?

A

q=mc∆T (NEGATIVE)

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6
Q

What are the conditions of alkane cracking?

A

Zeolite catalyst and 450*c

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7
Q

What catalyst is used for the esterification of alcohols?

A

Conc sulfuric acid

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8
Q

What is the flame test colour for Lithium?

A

Red

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9
Q

What is the flame test colour for Sodium?

A

Orange yellow

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10
Q

What is the flame test colour for potassium?

A

Lilac

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11
Q

What is the flame test colour for calcium?

A

Brick red

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12
Q

What is the flame test colour for strontium?

A

Crimson

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13
Q

What is the flame test colour for Barium?

A

Apple green

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14
Q

What are the 4 solubility trends for group 2 compounds?

A

All nitrates are soluble
All carbonates are insoluble
Hydroxides increase in solubility down the group
Sulphates decrease in solubility down the group

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15
Q

Wat is used as a test for halides?

A

Nitric acid followed by silver nitrate then aqueous ammonia

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16
Q

What are the 3 observations from the halide test?

A

Cl- White ppt that dissolves
Br- Cream ppt that partially dissolves
I- Yellow ppt that is insoluble

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17
Q

What is observed when CCl4 reacts with water?

A

an immiscible mixture is formed
layers are observed with ccl4 on top

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18
Q

What is observed when SiCl4 reacts with water?

A

White ppt of Si(OH)4
Misty fumes of HCl

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19
Q

What is observed when PbCl4 reacts with hot and cold water?

A

No reaction in cold
Sparingly soluble in hot- colourless solution with white solid

20
Q

What is observed when lead and iodine react?

A

Canary yellow ppt

21
Q

What is observed when NaCl and H2SO4 react?

A

HCl misty fumes

22
Q

What is overserved when HBr and H2SO4 react?

A

Misty fumes of HBr
Yellow orange solution (Br) and Chocking gas (SO2)

23
Q

What is observed when NaI and H2SO4 react?

A

HI misty fumes
Orange brown solution (I2) and rotten egg smell (H2S)
I2 grey solid
I2 purple gas

24
Q

What is the OH+ ligand colour change for Cu 2+?

A

Blue to pale blue

25
Q

What is the OH+ ligand colour change for Fe 2+?

A

Pale green to dirty green

26
Q

What is the OH+ ligand colour change for Fe 3+?

A

Yellow to rust brown

27
Q

What is the OH+ ligand colour change for Co 2+?

A

Pink to blue

28
Q

What is the OH+ ligand colour change for Cr 3+?

A

Green to grey green

29
Q

What is the NH3 ligand colour change for Cu 2+?

A

Pale blue to royal blue

30
Q

What catalyst is used to form alcohols from halogenoalkanes?

A

Reflux with NaOH

31
Q

What is used to reduce aldehydes and ketones?

32
Q

What is used to reduce Carboxylic acids?

33
Q

What is observed when phenol reacts with bromine?

A

White ppt and decolourised bromine water (Orange to clear)

34
Q

What is the test for phenol?

A

Aqueous iron III Chloride gives a purple colour

35
Q

What is tollens reagent, what does it test for and what is observed in a positive result?

A

Ammoniacal silver nitrate
Aldehyde presence
Colourless to Silver ppt

36
Q

What is Fehling’s solution, what does it test for and what does a positive result look like?

A

Cu 2+ complex
Aldehyde presence
Blue to Brick red

37
Q

What is 2,4-DNP, what does it test for and what does a positive result look like?

A

2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
Aldehydes and ketones
Yellow orange ppt

38
Q

What is iodoform, what does it test for and what does a positive result look like?

A

Iodine and aqueous sodium hydroxide
CH3CO
Yellow ppt of CHI3

39
Q

What catalyst is used for decarboxylation?

A

Strong heating with Soda Lime (NaOH)

40
Q

What catalyst and conditions are used for the formation of aromatic carboxylic acids?

A

Heat with alkaline potassium manganate(VII)
then add HCl

41
Q

What catalyst is used to form acid chlorides from carboxylic acids?

A

Phosphorous Pentachloride PCl5 (Dry)

42
Q

What catalyst is used to from amides from Carboxylic acids?

A

Ammonium carbonate followed by heating with Phosphorous V Oxide P4O10

43
Q

What catalyst is used for the halogenation of benzene?

A

Bromine- iron III Bromide
Chlorine- Aluminium chloride

44
Q

what catalyst is used for the nitration of benzene?

45
Q

What reagent is used to from aromatic amines?

A

Tin and conc Hydrochloric acid
Heated under reflux
followed by NaOH

46
Q

What are the 5 solubility rules?

A

All nitrates are soluble
all ammonium and alkali are soluble
all carbonates, phosphates and hydroxides are insoluble (Bar those with rule 1 or 2)
All chlorides, bromides and iodides are soluble except with Ag, Pb or Hg
All sulphate are soluble exept with group Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra or Pb

Chemistry A level (18 decks)

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