Prac 5: Respiratory Flashcards
What are present in the walls of bronchi but absent in the walls of large bronchioles?
Seromucous glands, cartilage
What is present in the walls of large bronchioles but absent in the walls of terminal and respiratory bronchioles?
Goblet cells, cillia
Under microscope, what do serous and mucin secreting cells look like?
Serous: Round circle of purple cells, small oval inner pocket
Mucin secreting cells: Ring of purple cells, inner mass of textured pink and white cobwebs
Why is hyaline cartilage basophilic?
Sulphate groups of glycosaminoglycans
What cells are normally located on the surface of a lung cross section (but not seen due to postmortem autolysis)?
Mesothelial cells
How can you tell if a segement is a bronchiole or not?
You can see lining of respiratory epithelium around a bronchiole
Where in the respiratory tract are there goblet cells?
Where are there seromucous glands?
Bronchi and main bronchioles
Bronchi
If a man presented with a history of fever, productive cough of greeny yellow sputum and sharp chest pain in his lower left chest, what would we see on the pleural surface?
Fibrinous exudate
What are common pathogens of bronchopneumoniae? (4)
Staph. aureus
Haemophilus influenzae
Strep. pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumoniae
In lobar pneumonia, how do organisms spread from alveolus to alveolus?
Via the pores of Kohn
What are some other complications of pneumonia? (4)
Empyema
Abscess formation
Dissemination of bacteria to other organs
Bronchiectasis (with recurrent infection)
In pneumonia, why cytokines are involved?
Macrophages release: IL-1, IL-6, TNF
What are features of granulomatous inflammation?
Caseous necrosis
Epithelioid macrophaes
Multinucleate giant cells
How does miliary TB spread?
Dissemination of bacteria into lungs/other organs via the blood stream
What kind of TB would weightloss usually occur in?
Chronic pulmonary tuberculosis
