Prac 2: Inflammation and healing Flashcards
What is characteristic of a plasma cell under microscopy?
‘Clock face chromatin’
Purple with a large, eccentric nucleus
Paranuclear hofs
What does a neutrophil look like under microscopy?
Granular, segmented nucleus
How big are RBCs? How big are WBCs?
RBCs: 7um in diameter
WBCs: about double RBCs
Neutrophils are also known as….?
Polymorphs
What clinical feature can consolidation cause?
Shortness of breath, as there are less alveoli to be aerated for gas exchange (expansion is also more difficult)
When does fibrinous exudate develop?
What cytokines are involved?
Acute inflammation of underlying tissue (esp. lung, pleural/pericardial cavities)
(MFs)–> IL-1, IL-6, TNF
What does left shift refer to? (blood films)
An increase in immature neutrophils in the blood, occuring in response to severe inflammation
What is the iron containing brown pigment seen under microscopy?
Haemosiderin (macrophages phagocytose old RBCs)
What is happening in a germinal centre?
Following appropriate stimulation, naive B lymphocytes undergo clonal expansion, and somatic hypermutation and heavy chain class switching occur. These are the changes that occur as they start to differentiate into plasma cells.
What is the difference between healing by primary and secondary intention?
Primary: sewn up
Secondary: spontaneous healing
In chronic inflammation, what type of lymphocytes are scattered and which are clustered?
Scattered, T helper lymphocytes. Clustered: B lymphocytes
What is an important cytokine in granulomatous inflammation?
TNF
What cell do we see infiltrate in acute inflammation?
Neutrophils! (a couple of days)
